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{{Short description|Historic reconstruction of 1830s village associated with Abraham Lincoln}}{{For|other places named New Salem in Illinois|New Salem, Illinois (disambiguation){{!}}New Salem, Illinois}}{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2018}}

factoids

| coordinates_footnotes = | established_title = | established_date = | area_footnotes = | dunam_link = | area_total_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_total = | population_density_km2 = auto| population_density_sq_mi=| population_demonym = North American Central Time Zone>CST| utc_offset1 = -6North American Central Time Zone>CDT| utc_offset1_DST = -5| timezone2 = | utc_offset2 = | timezone2_DST = | utc_offset2_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | geocode = | iso_code = | website = | footnotes = }}Lincoln's New Salem State Historic Site is a reconstruction of the former village of New Salem in Menard County, Illinois, where Abraham Lincoln lived from 1831 to 1837.WEB, Lincoln's New Salem,weblink Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, May 22, 2011,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20111026011024weblink">weblink October 26, 2011, dead, While in his twenties, the future U.S. President made his living in this village as a boatman, soldier in the Black Hawk War, general store owner, postmaster, surveyor, and rail splitter, and was first elected to the Illinois General Assembly.Lincoln left New Salem for Springfield in 1837, and the village was generally abandoned about 1840, as other towns developed. After Lincoln's death in 1865, historians and biographers collected the memories, documents, and plans of the village from former residents and neighbors of Lincoln, and the site's archaeological remains were studied. In 1921, a state park opened on the village site to commemorate Lincoln and Illinois' frontier history. The Civilian Conservation Corps built a historic recreation of New Salem based on its original foundations in the 1930s.WEB, Lincoln's New Salem,weblink May 22, 2011, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20081022213419weblink">weblink October 22, 2008, The village is located {{convert|15|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of Springfield, and approximately {{convert|3|mi|abbr=on}} south of Petersburg.

Original New Salem

New Salem was founded in 1829, when James Rutledge and John Camron built a gristmill on the Sangamon River. They surveyed and sold village lots for commercial business and homes on the ridge stretching to the west above the mill. Over the first few years of its existence, the town grew rapidly, but after the county seat was located in nearby Petersburg, the village began to shrink and by 1840, it was abandoned. The fact that the Sangamon River was not well-suited for steamboat travel was also a reason for the town's decline.In 1831, when Abraham Lincoln's father, Thomas, relocated the family to a new homestead in Macon County, Illinois, 22-year-old Lincoln struck out on his own.Thomas, Benjamin P. (2008). Abraham Lincoln: A Biography. Southern Illinois University . {{ISBN|978-0-8093-2887-1}}. pp. 23–53. Lincoln arrived in New Salem by way of flatboat and he remained in the village for about six years. During his stay, Lincoln earned a living as a shopkeeper, soldier in the Black Hawk War, general store owner, postmaster, land surveyor, and rail splitter, as well as doing odd jobs around the village. As far as historians know, Lincoln never owned a home in the village as most single men did not own homes at this time; however, he would often sleep in the tavern or his general store and take his meals with a nearby family.While living here, Lincoln ran for the Illinois General Assembly in 1832, handily winning his New Salem precinct but losing the countywide district election.BOOK, White, White Jr., Ronald C., A. Lincoln: A Biography, Random House, Inc, 2009, 978-1-4000-6499-1, registration,weblink p, 54 He tried again in 1834 and won. Lincoln left New Salem and moved to Springfield, also in his election district, around 1837.When Lincoln lived in New Salem, the village was home to a cooper shop, blacksmith shop, wool carding mill, four general stores (including the Lincoln-Berry General Store), a tavern, a grocery, two doctors' offices, a shoemaker, a carpenter, a hat maker, a tanner, a schoolhouse/church, several residences, common pastures, and kitchen gardens. During its short existence, the village was home to anywhere from 20 to 25 families at a time. New Salem was not a small farm village, but instead a commercial village full of young businessmen and craftsmen trying to start a new life on the frontier.

Lincoln's New Salem State Historic Site

(File:HenryOnstotCooper.jpg|thumb|Onstot's Cooper Shop and cabin)In 1906, William Randolph Hearst purchased the village land and deeded it to the Old Salem Chautauqua Association. In 1919, the land was gifted to the State of Illinois.WEB,weblink Learn - New Salem Lincoln League, lincolnsnewsalem.org, May 22, 2016, February 14, 2017,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20170214093727weblink">weblink dead, The site was opened to the public on May 19, 1921.JOURNAL, Weber, Jesse Palmer and Frank Ridgway, Abraham Lincoln Seems to Live Again at New Salem, Illinois - Governor Small Dedicates State Museum, Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, XIV, 1–2, April–July 1921, 188, Over time, building reconstructions were erected on the foundations of the original village, mostly by the Civilian Conservation Corps, during the Great Depression. The location is presently called Lincoln's New Salem State Historic Site, featuring 23 buildings, mostly log houses and costumed interpreters, representing the era of Lincoln's residency. The cabins, shops, and businesses are furnished by period implements, objects, and furniture, with many acquired from area farms and homes. In addition to the village, the {{convert|700|acre}} park includes extensive woodlands.WEB, Lincoln's New Salem,weblink Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, February 18, 2012, dead,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20140408133237weblink">weblink April 8, 2014, Twenty-two of the village buildings are reconstructed; one log cabin, the Onstot Cooper Shop, is original, although it had been previously moved by Henry Onstot to Petersburg in 1840. In 1922, it was returned to New Salem on what archeologists believe was its original foundation. In addition to archeological investigations, much of the town was recreated based on period documents and the recollections and drawings of former residents, who had been interviewed in the late 19th century.

Steamboats Talisman

In 1832 a 136-foot, 150-ton river steamer Talisman ventured from Cincinnati, Ohio, down the Ohio River, up the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, and into central Illinois on the Sangamon River, while chartered to Springfield businessman Vincent Bogue.WEB, Hays, Scott, Journey of the Talisman: Upriver,weblink Lincoln's River, Upper Sangamon River Conservancy, 25 February 2020,weblink 19 July 2019, Mahomet IL, Part 7, Lincoln helped clear obstructions from the riverbanks on Talisman's trip upriver, and co-piloted the steamer with Rowan Herndon back to Beardstown.BOOK, Thomas, Benjamin P., Lincoln's New Salem, 1988, Southern Illinois University Press, 9780809382774, 74–77, reprint,weblink 21 February 2020, JOURNAL, Harbison, Pete, Work on the Steamboat Talisman, Prairie Pages, 12 February 2009, 8, 2, 1,weblink 21 February 2020, Illinois State Historic Preservation Office, Springfield IL, (File:New Salem - Steamboat "Talisman" (4289725176).jpg|thumb|left|Steamboat Talisman on Sangamon River in 1970)In the summer of 1961, after a period of design and fabrication by Dubuque Boat & Boiler Works at Dubuque, Iowa, the new sternwheel steamboat Talisman made its way to New Salem by way of the Mississippi River, Illinois River, and the Sangamon River.WEB, Dubuque Boat & Boiler Works, Dubuque IA,weblink Shipbuilding History, Tim Colton, 25 February 2020, The steamer, christened Talisman, was a scaled-down representation of the previous vessel, at 40 tons and 73 feet in length, with an upper cabin and powered by a 60 bhp diesel engine.WEB, Hays, Scott, Journey of the Talisman: Resurrection,weblink Lincoln's River, Upper Sangamon River Conservancy, 25 February 2020,weblink 19 July 2019, Mahomet IL, Part 9, The recreation boat was given a landing next to the Rutledge Camron Saw and Grist Mill site on the riverbank, and tourists had the opportunity to take short excursions on the river. Unfortunately, just like the original Talisman, the recreated steamer was plagued by low water levels on the river which gradually increased the difficulty of navigation over the years until in 1998 the river dam at Petersburg was abandoned and water levels became too low. The boat was finally grounded a few miles upriver from the historical site, and then served as a large lawn decoration about a hundred feet from the riverbank. On November 19, 2021, the boat was destroyed in a controlled burn.

Visitors

Lincoln's New Salem was visited by approximately 600,000 people in 2006. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972, under the name, Lincoln's New Salem Village.WEB, Lincoln's New Salem Village,weblink National Park Service, September 5, 2011, August 3, 2012,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20120803035425weblink">weblink dead, WEB, Lincoln's New Salem,weblink National Park Service, September 5, 2011, The historic site includes a visitor's center with an exhibit and theater.Active recreational infrastructure centers on the Mentor Graham Trail, {{convert|0.75|mi|abbr=on}} long, and the Volksmarch Trail, {{convert|6|mi|abbr=on}} long. The state park contains 200 campsites, including 100 electrical hookups.

See also

• List of Illinois State Historic Sites
• Presidential memorials in the United States
• Blab school

References

{{Reflist}}{{More citations needed|date=March 2009}}

External links

{{Commons category|New Salem, Menard County, Illinois}}

• {{Official websiteweblink}}
• National Park Service - Lincoln's New Salem
• New Salem Lincoln League support organization website for programming
• Theatre in the Park presenter of productions in summer at an on-site outdoor amphitheater

{{Abraham Lincoln}}{{Protected areas of Illinois}}{{Menard County, Illinois}}{{Illinois}}{{Authority control}}