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{{Short description|Father of Roman emperor Julian (died 337)}}{{distinguish|Constantius II}}

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Unnamed daughterGallusJulianConstantinian dynasty>ConstantinianConstantius Chlorus>Constantius IFlavia Maximiana Theodora>Theodora| module = }}(Flavius) Julius Constantius (died September 337 AD) was a member of the Constantinian dynasty, being a son of Emperor Constantius Chlorus and his wife Flavia Maximiana Theodora, a younger half-brother of Emperor Constantine the Great and the father of Emperor Julian.

Biography

File:Constantine Chiaramonti Inv1749.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Constantine the GreatConstantine the GreatJulius Constantius was the son of Constantius Chlorus and his wife Theodora. He had two brothers, Dalmatius and Hannibalianus, and three sisters, Constantia, Anastasia and Eutropia.{{sfn|Jones|Martindale|Morris|p=895}} Emperor Constantine I was his half-brother, as he was the son of Constantius and Helena.Julius Constantius was married twice. With his first wife, Galla, sister of the later consuls Vulcacius Rufinus and Neratius Cerealis,Ammianus Marcellinus 14, 11, 27 he had two sons and a daughter. His eldest son, whose name is not recorded, was murdered in 337 together with his father.Julian (emperor), Letter to the Athenians 270D. His second son Constantius Gallus,Libanius, Orations, 18, 10 was appointed Caesar by his cousin Constantius II. His daughter was the first wife of Constantius II.Eusebius, Life of Constantine 4, 49 It has been proposed that Galla and Julius had another daughter, who may have been the mother of the empress Justina.Noel Emmanuel Lenski (2006). The Cambridge companion to the Age of Constantine, Volume 13. {{ISBN|0-521-52157-2}}, p. 97.After the death of his first wife, Julius Constantius married a Greek womanBOOK, Bradbury, Jim, The Routledge companion to medieval warfare,weblink limited, Routledge, 2004, 54, 0-415-22126-9, JULIAN THE APOSTATE, FLAVIUS CLAUDIUS JULIANUS, ROMAN EMPEROR (332–63) Emperor from 361, son of Julius Constantius and a Greek mother Basilina, grandson of Constantius Chlorus, the only pagan Roman Emperor after 313., BOOK, Norwich, John Julius, Byzantium: the early centuries,weblink limited, Knopf, 1989, 83, 0-394-53778-5, Julius Constantius…Constantine had invited him, with his second wife and his young family, to take up residence in his new capital; and it was in Constantinople that his third son Julian was born, in May or June of the year 332. The baby's mother, Basilina, a Greek from Asia Minor, died a few weeks later…, Basilina, the daughter of the governor of Egypt, Julius Julianus.Julian, Letters 60. Basilina gave him another son, the future emperor Julian the Apostate,Libanius, Orations, 18, 9. but died before her husband, in 332/333.Julian, The Beard-Hater 352Allegedly at the instigation of Constantine's mother Helena,{{sfn|Crawford|2016|loc=“Drunk With Power: The Rise and Fall of Constantius Gallus”}} Julius Constantius did not live initially at the court of his half brother, but together with Dalmatius and Hannibalianus in Tolosa,Ausonius, Commemoratio professorum Burdigalensium 17, 11. in Etruria, the birthplace of his son Gallus, and in Corinth.Julian, Letters 20. Finally, he was called to Constantinople,Libanius, Orations 1, 434. and was able to build a good relationship with Constantine.Libanius, Orations 1, 524.Constantine favoured his half-brother, appointing him patricius and Consul for the year 335, together with Ceionius Rufius Albinus.{{sfn|Jones|Martindale|Morris|p=226}} However, in 337, after the death of Constantine, several male members of the Constantinian dynasty were killed, among them Constantius (whose property was confiscated)Julian, Letter to the Athenians 273B. and his eldest son;Zosimus 2, 40, 2; Libanius, Orations 18, 31. his two younger sons, however, survived, because in 337 they were still children. They would later be elevated to the rank of caesar and augustus, respectively.

References

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Sources

• BOOK, Crawford, Peter, Constantius II: Usurpers, Eunuchs, and the Antichrist,weblink 2016, 978-1-78340-055-3,
• BOOK, Jones, 1971, A.H.M., J.R. Martindale, J. Morris, Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, 1, Cambridge University Press, 0-521-07233-6,weblink amp, A. H. M. Jones, John Robert Martindale, John Morris (historian), {{sfnref, Jones, Martindale, Morris, }}

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