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Grand Prince of the Hungarians
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Grand Prince of the Hungarians
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{{Short description|Contemporary term for the leader of 10th-century tribal Hungary}}{{Multiple issues|{{More footnotes|date=July 2009}}{{Cleanup rewrite|date=April 2021}}}}Grand Prince () was the title used by contemporary sources to name the leader of the federation of the Hungarian tribes in the tenth century.Constantine VII mentioned Ãrpád in his book De Administrando Imperio as ’, while Bruno of Querfurt referred to Géza in his Sancti Adalberti Pragensis episcopi et martyris vita altera as ’.The grand prince (’) was probably elected by the leaders of the federation of the seven Hungarian tribes and the three Kabar tribes (dissident Khazar tribes) that joined the Hungarians before 830. However, the first grand prince, Ãlmos, father of Ãrpád, was more likely appointed by the khagan of the Khazars{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}. It is still under discussion {{by whom|date=April 2018}} whether the grand prince was the spiritual leader of the federation (’), the military commander of the Hungarian tribes () or the title was a new creation.When the Hungarians were pushed out of ’ and moved to the Carpathian Basin (’), the grand prince’s power seemed to be decreasing. By the time of Géza, Transylvania had been ruled by a (semi-)independent leader (’). Stephen (’) had to conquer not only the territories of the ’, but also the lands of Ahtum (’) and the Black Magyars.The title disappeared on the coronation of Stephen I () on 25 December 1000 or 1 January 1001. {{explain|date=April 2021}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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Grand princes of the Hungarians
- Ãlmos (c. 850 â c. 895)
- Ãrpád (c. 895 â c. 907)
- Zolta (c. 907 â c. 950)
- Fajsz (c. 950 â c. 955)
- Taksony (c. 955 â c. 970)
- Géza (c. 970 â 997)
- Stephen / Vajk (997 â 1000, became the first king of the Hungarians)
See also
References
{{reflist}}Sources
- Korai Magyar Történeti Lexikon (9-14. század), fÅszerkesztÅ: Kristó, Gyula, szerkesztÅk: Engel, Pál és Makk, Ferenc (Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1994)
- Kristó, Gyula: A Kárpát-medence és a magyarság régmúltja (1301-ig) (Szegedi Középkortörténeti Könyvtár, Szeged, 1993)
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