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Decree on Separation of Church and State
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(File:ÐекÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð± оÑделении ÑеÑкви Ð¾Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑдаÑÑÑва и ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑкви (1918).pdf|thumb|A copy of the decree )The Decree on Separation of Church from State and School from Church (Initially it had a different name - Decree on Freedom of Conscience, Church and Religious Societies () is a legal act adopted by the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic on 20 January (2 February) 1918 came into force on 23 January (5 February) that year, the day of official publication.ÐÐÐÐ ÐТ Ð¾Ñ 23 ÑнваÑÑ 1918 года ÐÐ ÐТÐÐÐÐÐÐРЦÐÐ ÐÐÐ ÐТ ÐÐСУÐÐРСТÐРРШÐÐÐЫ ÐТ ЦÐÐ ÐÐÐ It installed the secular nature of the state power, proclaimed the freedom of conscience and religion; religious organizations were deprived of any property rights and the rights of a legal entity. It laid the foundation for the deployment of atheistic propaganda and atheistic education.СинелÑников С. Ð. ÐÑмена пÑавоÑлавного обÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð² СовеÑÑком гоÑÑдаÑÑÑве в 1917â1929 годаÑ
// ÐÑÑнал «ÐеÑÑник ÑеÑковной иÑÑоÑии», 24 апÑÐµÐ»Ñ 2013The Decree was superseded by the a law of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR in 25 October 1990,ÐÐÐÐ ÐТ Ð¾Ñ 23 ÑнваÑÑ 1918 года Ðб оÑделении ÑеÑкви Ð¾Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑдаÑÑÑва и ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑкви and further superseded in the Russian Federation in 1997.РпоÑÑдке Ð²Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² дейÑÑвие Ðакона РСФСР"Ð Ñвободе веÑоиÑповеданий" (ÑÑÑаÑило ÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ Ñ 1 окÑÑбÑÑ 1997 года на оÑновании ФедеÑалÑного закона Ð¾Ñ 26 ÑенÑÑбÑÑ 1997 года N 125-ФÐ)Ð Ñвободе ÑовеÑÑи и о ÑелигиознÑÑ
обÑединениÑÑ
(Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñми на 5 ÑевÑÐ°Ð»Ñ 2018 года) The Decree is frequently shortened in academic sources to the Decree on Separation of Church and State.WEB,weblink WEB, Decree on Separation of Church and State,weblink 2023-09-30, www.marxists.org, - the content below is remote from Wikipedia
- it has been imported raw for GetWiki
Contents
The short edict is composed of 13 declarations regarding religion's role within Soviet sociocultural and political spaces. The edict was first published in Sobranie Uzakonenii i Rasporiazhenii Rabochego i Krestianskogo Pravitelstva (Collection of Legislation and Orders of the Workers 'and Peasants' Government) in 1918 and solidified that Soviet Russia was to be a non-religious or secular society. Further, while religious observation was technically allowed (No.3), those practicing could not threaten the public and "disturb the public order" (No.5) by showing their religious affiliations. Religious Institutions themselves had their social influence retracted, religious teachings in public and private classrooms now banned (No.9) and were now responsible for their own well-being, no longer being financially supported nor institutionally protected by local or state government (No.10). No. 12 and 13 denounced religious bodies from any type of land or property ownership in accordance with Soviet law at the time, while No. 4 through 8 further separated religious worship from official and public spaces, while also consolidating civic authority. No. 2 forbade state-sanctioned, special treatment of persons or Institutions based on religious affiliation, such a relationship called "Symphonia" or "Caesaropapism" and prior to the Soviet secularization campaigns, served as the premiere model for Church-State relations for Orthodox Russia.BOOK, Knox, Zoe, Russian Society and the Orthodox Church, RoutledgeCurzon, 2005, 0-203-01453-7, New York, 107, {| class="wikitable"|+!!Decree on Separation of Church and StateThe attitude of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Decree
The attitude of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Decree has changed over time. Immediately after the adoption of the Decree, the Local Council of the Russian Orthodox Church adopted a number of documents sharply condemning the Decree:For centuries, something unheard of has been happening in our Holy Rus'. People who came to power and called themselves people's commissars, themselves alien to the Christian, and some of them, to any faith, issued a decree (law) called âon freedom of conscience,â but in fact establishing complete violence against the conscience of believers.s:Under the pretext of âseparation of Church and state,â the Council of People's Commissars is trying to make the very existence of churches, church institutions and the clergy impossible.s:In 1942, the Moscow Patriarchate published the book w:; in this book, as well as in the book s:, published by the Moscow Patriarchate in 1958, an opposite opinion is expressed in relation to the Decree:The decree of the Soviet authorities on freedom of conscience, on freedom of religious practice, removed the yoke that had lain on the Church for so many years, it freed the Church from outside tutelage. It was of enormous service to the inner life of the Church. The decree establishes freedom and guaran tees the inviolability of this freedom to all religious communities. It is also of the greatest benefit to our Orthodox Church that she has ceased to be the ruling church, a tool of the autocracy, impeding the freedom of other confessions.The Russian Orthodox Church : organization, situation, activity. - Moscow : Moscow patriarchate, 1958. - 229 Ñ., [1 л. поÑÑÑ. : ил., поÑÑÑ.; 26 Ñм. // p. 22]References
{{Reflist}}Literature
- Dobronovskaya Ð. P. ÐÑделение ÑеÑкви Ð¾Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑдаÑÑÑва в ÐниÑейÑкой гÑбеÑнии (1920â1922 гг.) // СибиÑÑ Ð² XVIIâXX Ð²ÐµÐºÐ°Ñ : ÐÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑиÑеÑкой и ÑоÑиалÑной иÑÑоÑии: ÐÐ°Ñ ÑÑÑинÑкие ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1999â2000 гг.: межвÑз. Ñб. наÑÑ. ÑÑ. / под Ñед. Ð. Ð. ШиÑкина. â ÐовоÑибиÑÑк: ÐовоÑибиÑÑкий гоÑÑдаÑÑÑвеннÑй ÑнивеÑÑиÑеÑ, 2002.
- Rassylnikov I.A. ÐÑинÑип «оÑÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑкви» как Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ñй пÑизнак ÑвеÑÑкого гоÑÑдаÑÑÑва и его знаÑение в ÑÑловиÑÑ Ð¿Ñавовой ÑеÑоÑÐ¼Ñ // ÐÑавовÑе ÑеÑоÑÐ¼Ñ Ð² РоÑÑии. â РоÑÑов-на-ÐонÑ: Ðзд-во СÐÐÐС, 2004. â С. 124â129.
- BOOK, Соколов Ð. Ð.,weblink ÐоÑÑдаÑÑÑво и ÐÑавоÑÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑеÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ Ð² РоÑÑии, ÑевÑÐ°Ð»Ñ 1917 â ÑнваÑÑ 1918 гг. ÐиÑÑеÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑоиÑкание ÑÑеной ÑÑепени докÑоÑа иÑÑоÑиÑеÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñк, СÐб., 2014, Соколов,
External links
- Decree on Separation of Church and State at the Marxists Internet Archive
- ÐÐÐÐ ÐТ ÐÐ ÐТÐÐÐÐÐÐРЦÐÐ ÐÐÐ ÐТ ÐÐСУÐÐРСТÐÐ // ÐÑево. ÐÑкÑÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑавоÑÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑнÑиклопедиÑ
- Elizabeth Sewell. Comparative characteristics of the secular state and equality of religious organizations
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