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{{Short description|French composer (fl. early 15th century)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}(File:CordierColor.jpg|thumb|right|Cordier’s rondeau about love, Belle, Bonne, Sage, is in a heart shape, with red notes indicating rhythmic alterations.)Baude Cordier ({{fl|early 15th century}}) was a French composer in the style of late medieval music. Virtually nothing is known of Cordier’s life, aside from an inscription on one of his works which indicates he was born in Rheims and had a Master of Arts. Some scholars identify him with Baude Fresnel, a harpist and organist in the court of Philip the Bold, though other scholars have rejected this.{{sfn|Reaney|2001|loc=§ para. 1}}He is best known for his unique and experimental notational methods, often with shapes relating to the subject matter. These include a heart-shaped staff in Belle, Bonne, Sage, a rondeau about love, and numerous circles in the Tout par compas suy composés rondeau. Such an approach is thought to have inspired later composers, ranging from Gilles Binchois to Karlheinz Stockhausen.{{TOC limit|2}}

Identity

It has been suggested that Cordier was the pen name of Baude Fresnel.{{sfn|Wright|1973}}{{sfn|Reaney|2001|loc=§ para. 1}}{{sfn|Grove|2001}}{{sfn|Bergeron|2001}}

Music

{{external media| audio1 = Tout par compas in a manuscript animation performed by Fortune Obscure}}Cordier’s works are considered among the prime examples of . In line with that cultural trend, he was fond of using red note notation, also known as coloration, a technique stemming from the general practice of mensural notation. The change in color adjusts the rhythm of a particular note from its usual form. (This musical style and type of notation has also been termed “mannerism” and “mannered notation.“)See Parrish, Carl. The Notation of Medieval Music. W. W. Norton, 1957.)Ten of Cordier’s secular pieces survive, most of which are rondeaux:

• some are in the rhythmically complex late fourteenth-century French style of , such as “Amans amés secretement” (Lovers, love discreetly).Transcribed with commentary in Archibald T. Davison and Willi Apel: Historical Anthology of Music (HAM): Oriental, Medieval and Renaissance Music (Harvard University Press)
• others are simpler, with greater emphasis on lyrical melody, such as “Belle, Bonne, Sage”, also transcribed in HAM, and characterized with “Amans” as a rondeau.

Two of the composer’s chansons are in the Chantilly Manuscript and are well-known examples of eye music:

• the love song “Belle, Bonne, Sage” (“Beautiful, Good, Wise“). The manuscript is in the shape of a heart.A modern transcription and music media file of ”Belle, Bonne, Sage.”The text and English translation of the song

File:Cordier circular canon.gif|170 px|thumb|right|CordierCordier

• a circular canon “Tout par compas suy composés” (“With a compass was I composed“)—more eye music, in which the manuscript is written in a circle.{{sfn|Bergsagel|1972|pp=1175–1177}}

Many commentators have speculated that Cordier’s unique and experimental notation inspired certain notation by later composers, such that in as Refrain by Karlheinz Stockhausen,{{sfn|Toop|2001|loc=§2 “Works“}} and Gilles Binchois’s Je ne pouroye.{{sfn|Fallows|2001a|loc=§6 “Secular works“}} Cordier’s work was among the earliest Western compositions to include performance instructions to explain how to use the specialized notation.{{sfn|Fallows|2001a|loc=§5 “Early history of performance instructions“}}His mass movement in the Apt MS is in the later, simpler fifteenth-century style.“>

Works{| class “wikitable sortable plainrowheaders”

Reaney|2001|loc=§ “Works“}}

! scope=“col” | Title! scope=“col” | {{Abbr|No.|Number}} of voices! scope=“col” | Genre! scope=“col” | Manuscript source: Folios{{refn|“v” and “r” stand for verso and recto respectively; in left-right language books, verso is the front page while recto is the back page.|name=verso|group=n}} ! scope=“col” | Reaney| Gloria

Mass (music)>Mass movement|	R}} 11

| Dame excellent ou sont bonté

Ballade (forme fixe)>Ballade|	R}} 10

| Amans, amés secretement

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 6

| Belle, bonne, sage, plaisant

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 8

| Ce jour de l’an que maint

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 1

| Je suy celuy qui veul

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 3

| Pour le deffault du noble dieu Bachus

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 2

| Que vaut avoir qui ne vit

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 4

| Se cuer d’amant par soy

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 7

| Tant ay de plaisir et de desplaisance

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 5{{refn	Strohm	p=142}}|group=n}}

| Tout par compas suy composés

Rondeau (forme fixe)>Rondeau|	R}} 9

No other works by Baude Cordier survive

Editions

Cordier’s works are included in the following collections:

• BOOK, Reaney, Gilbert, Gilbert Reaney, 1955, Early Fifteenth-Century Music, Corpus mensurabilis musicae 11, 1, Works of Baude Cordier, Johannis Cesaris, Johannis Carmen, Johannis Tapissier, American Institute of Musicology, Cambridge, 83198152, CITEREFR,www.corpusmusicae.com/cmm/cmm_cc011.htm,

See also

• Eye music

Notes

{{Reflist|group=n}}

References

{{reflist}}

Sources

Books

• BOOK, Hoppin, Richard, Richard Hoppin, 1978, Medieval Music, The Norton Introduction to Music History, 1st, W. W. Norton & Company, New York, New York, 978-0-393-09090-1,
• BOOK, Strohm, Reinhard, Reinhard Strohm, 2005, 1993, The Rise of European Music, 1380-1500, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 978-0-521-61934-9, {{google books, y, 8gwToY1HEoIC, }}

Journals and articles

• ENCYCLOPEDIA, Bergeron, Katherine, Katherine Bergeron, 2001, Grove Music Online, Baude de Rains, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.02341, 978-1-56159-263-0, subscription,www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000002341, {{Grove Music subscription}}
• JOURNAL, Bergsagel, John, December 1972, Cordier’s Circular Canon, The Musical Times, 113, 1558, 1175–1177, 956587, 10.2307/956587,
• ENCYCLOPEDIA, Fallows, David, David Fallows, 2001a, Grove Music Online, Binchois [Binchoys], Gilles de Bins [Binch, Binche] dit, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.03094, 978-1-56159-263-0, subscription,www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000003094, {{Grove Music subscription}}
• ENCYCLOPEDIA, Fallows, David, David Fallows, 2001b, Grove Music Online, Tempo and expression marks, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.27650, 978-1-56159-263-0, subscription,www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000027650, {{Grove Music subscription}}
• JOURNAL, Günther, Ursula, Ursula Günther, 1984, Unusual Phenomena in the Transmission of Late 14th Century Polyphonic Music, Musica Disciplina, 38, 87–118, 20532271,
• ENCYCLOPEDIA, Reaney, Gilbert, 2001, Grove Music Online, Cordier, Baude, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.06474, 978-1-56159-263-0, subscription,www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000006474, {{Grove Music subscription}}
• ENCYCLOPEDIA, Toop, Richard, Richard Toop, 2001, Grove Music Online, Stockhausen, Karlheinz, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.26808, 978-1-56159-263-0, subscription,www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000026808, {{Grove Music subscription}}
• JOURNAL, Wright, Craig, Craig M. Wright, April 1973, Tapissier and Cordier: New Documents and Conjectures, The Musical Quarterly, 59, 2, 177–189, 10.1093/mq/LIX.2.177, 741520,
• ENCYCLOPEDIA, 2001, Grove Music Online, Fresnal, Baude, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.10222, 978-1-56159-263-0, subscription,www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000010222, {{sfnRef, Grove, 2001, }} {{Grove Music subscription}}

External links

{{commons category}}

• {{DIAMM|pid=11|pname=Baude Cordier}}
• Works by Baude Cordier in the Medieval Music Database from La Trobe University
• {{IMSLP|Cordier, Baude|Baude Cordier}}
• {{ChoralWiki}}

{{Ars subtilior}}{{Medieval music}}{{Authority control}}