office suite
In
computing, an
office suite, sometimes called an
office software suite or
productivity suite is a collection of programs intended to be used by typical
clerical worker and
knowledge workers. The components are generally distributed together, have a consistent
user interface and usually can interact with each other, sometimes in ways that the
operating system would not normally allow.The currently dominant office suite is
Microsoft Office, which is available for
Microsoft Windows and
Apple Inc.'s
Mac OS X. Its default
file formats have become standards in office software. There are numerous office suites attempting to challenge Microsoft's market dominance, many of which use similar interfaces and are compatible with Microsoft's file formats. There is currently a trend towards
online office suites, sometimes referred to as
Office 2.0, which function as
web applications, rather than
software installed on the local computer
(1). The most well known of these is
Google Docs.
Typical office suite components
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Multi-platform office suites
Proprietary suites
- SoftMaker Office 2008 — a word processor, spreadsheet and presentation graphics program, provided by a German company. For Microsoft Windows and Linux.
- StarOffice — an office suite from Sun Microsystems. Originally developed by the German firm Star Division, which Sun acquired. Early versions shared code with OpenOffice.org project, which Sun funded and continues to support, but there has been separate development of the two packages. For Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris.
- Kingsoft Office (Chinese version known as WPS Office) — a native Chinese-language office suite. English and Japanese versions are currently available also. For Microsoft Windows and some versions are availaible also for Linux.
Freeware suites
- IBM Lotus Symphony — based upon an older version of OpenOffice.org. Its components include Documents, Spreadsheets, and Presentations. For Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS X.
Open source suites
- OpenOffice.org — an open-source software project upon which Sun's StarOffice is based. The initial code was provided by Sun Microsystems, based on the Star Office package by German company, Star Division, that was acquired by SUN. Sun has provided much of the labor for its development since. Its components include Writer, Impress, Math, Draw, Calc, and Base. Releases are available for Microsoft Windows, GNU/Linux, Mac OS X and Solaris.
- OpenOffice.org Novell Edition — features the Office Open XML translator add-on. Based upon OpenOffice.org. Its components include Writer, Impress, Math, Draw, Calc, and Base.(2)
Office suites for Microsoft Windows
Proprietary suites
- Ability Office
- Celframe Office — supports Microsoft Office and OpenOffice file formats, with a user interface styled on Microsoft Office 2003.
- EasyOffice
- EIOffice (Evermore Integrated Office) — a Chinese / English / Japanese / French language integrated office suite. Available for Windows / Linux operating systems
- Framework — historical but also still supported for Windows by the present developer, Selection & Functions Inc.
- Gobe Productive — Originally written for BeOS by developers of the original ClarisWorks, GoBe Productive is a lightweight integrated Works-like office suite with a generous "Hassle-Free License."
- JUST Suite 2008 - a full Japanese-language suite from JustSystems, the most direct competitor to Microsoft Office in Japan. For Windows only.
- Kingsoft Office (Chinese version known as WPS Office) — a native Chinese-language office suite. English and Japanese versions are currently available also.
- IBM Lotus SmartSuite — For Windows 2000 and XP only
- Microsoft Office
- Microsoft Works
- SoftMaker Office 2008
- StarOffice
- WordPerfect Office
Freeware suites
Open source suites
Office suites for Mac OS X
Proprietary suites
Freeware suites
- IBM Lotus Symphony - freeware word, spreadsheet and presentation suite. Currently in beta status.
Open source suites
- KOffice
- NeoOffice — NeoOffice is a Mac-specific free/open-source software development project, to integrating OpenOffice.org with native features of Mac OS X such as Quartz and Aqua, and by so doing giving the suite a more "Mac-like" look and feel.
- OpenOffice.org runs on Mac natively in an Aqua version.
Office suites for Unix/Unix-like operating systems
Proprietary suites
- EIOffice (Evermore Integrated Office) — a Chinese / English / Japanese / French language integrated office suite. Available for Windows / Linux operating systems
- SoftMaker Office 2008
Freeware suites
- IBM Lotus Symphony - freeware word, spreadsheet and presentation suite.
Open source suites
- 602Office — a Czech and Slovak commercial version of OpenOffice.org. Contains the 602SQL database program.
- Andrew — an office suite developed by Carnegie Mellon University and named after Andrew Carnegie.
- GNOME Office — includes AbiWord, Gnumeric and GNOME-DB data access components. It is a part of the GNOME environment for the X Window System (on Linux, the BSDs, and other Unix-like operating systems).
- Jambo OpenOffice — a Swahili version of OpenOffice.org.
- KOffice — a free, integrated office suite for KDE.
- MagyarOffice and EuroOffice — Hungarian and European multilingual commercial office suites based on OpenOffice.org
- Siag Office — a free office suite for Unix systems. Primarily written by programmer Ulric Erikkson, with contributions from other authors. Includes a word processor, a spreadsheet, and an animation program.
Online office suites
- Google Docs — an AJAX-based online office suite from Google, Inc. The suite includes a word processor, a spreadsheet program, and a presentation editor.
- OpenGoo — an open source, fully featured online office suite. The application can be downloaded and installed on a server.
- ShareOffice — a Web-based office suite from ShareMethods. This suite utilizes separate word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation applications from other vendors. It is distributed through Salesforce.com's AppExchange program.
- Simdesk — an online office suite from Simdesk Technologies, Inc. This suite offers partial compatibility with the Microsoft Office file formats (Word, Excel, and Powerpoint). With a monthly subscription to Simdesk Services (costing $3.50 – $20 per month), one is allowed to install the application anywhere.
- ThinkFree Office — an office suite written in Java, from ThinkFree, Inc. It includes a word processor (Write), a spreadsheet (Calc), and a presentation program (Show). For Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X.
- Zoho Office Suite — a free online office suite from AdventNet, Inc. Includes a word processor, spreadsheet, presentations, and collaboration groupware.
Comparison of general and technical information
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of office suites. Please see the individual products' articles for further information. The table only includes systems that are widely used and currently available.
General information
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center; width: auto"
|
! style="width:12em" |! Developer! First public release! Predecessor! Latest Stable version! Operating system! Office Open XML support! OpenDocument support! License! Online capability
|
!| Ability Office| Ability Plus Software| 1985| —| 5.00| Microsoft Windows>Windows| {{no}}| Planned for Ability Office 6 | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| AppleWorks| Apple Computer>Apple| 1991| ClarisWorks| 6.2.9 | Mac OS, Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows>Windows| {{no}}| {{no}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| Celframe Office| Celframe| 2006 (Windows)| Celframe Office 2006 Celframe Office Vista - 2007| Celframe Office 2008| Microsoft Windows>Windows| {{No}} | (4)| {{yes}} (5)(native support from version 2008)Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{yes2}} Celframe Office Online - 2009 |
|
!| WordPerfect Office| Corel| 1991| WordPerfect (1982)| X4| Microsoft Windows>Windows| {{yes2}} (import only - docx, xlsx, pptx)| {{yes2}} (import only - odt) | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| GNOME Office| GNOME Foundation
AbiSource| ?| —AbiWord>2.4.5/Gnumeric | /GNOME-DB>1.9 & 0.62| Cross-platform| {{yes2}} (Gnumeric has limited SpreadsheetML support)| {{yes2}} (Gnumeric has limited ODF support) | GNU General Public License>GPL| {{?}} |
|
!| GobeProductive| Gobe Software| 1998| —| 3.04 / 2.01| Microsoft Windows>Windows and BeOS| {{no}}| {{no}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| Google Apps
Google Docs| Google| 2006| —| beta| Cross-platform| {{no}}| {{yes}}Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{yes2}} Fully online |
|
!| iWork| Apple Computer>Apple| 2005 | AppleWorks(6)| '09| Mac OS X| {{yes2}} (Read-only support, with the ability to save a modified document in iWork, Office (non-xml) and generic formats)| {{no}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| iWork.com |
|
!| Kingsoft Office
(WPS Office)| Kingsoft| 1988| WPS (word processor)| 2009Microsoft Windows>Windows and Linux| {{yes2}} (Import only, beta support) | (7)| {{no}}(8)Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| KOffice| KDE>KDE Project| 1998| —| 1.6.3 | BSD, Linux, Solaris (operating system)>Solaris (Mac OS X and Windows in KDE 4)| {{no}}| {{yes}} | LGPL and GNU General Public License>GPL| {{?}} |
|
!| Lotus SmartSuite| IBM| 1992(9)| —| 9.8| Microsoft Windows>Windows and OS/2| {{no}}| {{no}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| Lotus Symphony| IBM| 2007| OpenOffice.org| Lotus Symphony 1| Microsoft Windows>Windows, Linux and Mac OS X| {{no}}| {{yes}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| MarinerPak| Mariner Software| 1996| —| 10.0| Mac OS and Mac OS X| {{no}}| {{no}}| Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| Microsoft Office| Microsoft| 1990 (Macintosh), 1992 (Windows)| Microsoft Word Microsoft Excel PowerPoint| 2007 (12.0) (Windows), 2008 (12.1.5) (Macintosh)| Microsoft Windows>Windows and Macintosh| {{yes2}} (Office 2007 supports only ECMA-376 1st edition. | (10) Office 14 will support ISO OOXML.(11))Microsoft Office 2007 Service pack>SP2 will add native support | (12)(13)Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{yes2}} Fully online |
|
!| ZCubes| ZCubes Inc.| 2006| —| 2007| Cross-platform| {{no}}| {{yes}}| Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{yes2}} Fully online |
|
!| Zoho Office Suite| AdventNet| ?| —|| Cross-platform| {{yes2}} (Supports OOXML word processing files)| {{yes}}| Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{yes2}} Fully online |
|
class="sortbottom"!! Developer! First public release! Predecessor! Stable version! Operating system! Office Open XML support! OpenDocument Support! License! Online Capability
Operating system support
The operating systems the office suites were designed to run on without emulation; for the given office suite/OS combination, there are five possibilities:
- No indicates that it does not exist or was never released.
- Partial indicates that while the office suite works, it lacks important functionality compared to versions for other OSs; it is still being developed however.
- Beta indicates that while a version of the office suite is fully functional and has been released, it is still in development (e.g. for stability).
- Yes indicates that the office suite has been officially released in a fully functional, stable version.
- Dropped indicates that while the office suite works, new versions are no longer being released for the indicated OS; the number in parentheses is the last known stable version which was officially released for that OS.
Please note that the list is not exhaustive, but rather reflects the most common operating systems today.{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center; width: auto;"|
! style="width: 12em" | Office suite! Windows! Mac OS X! Linux! BSD! Unix
|
! {{rh}} | Ability Office| Windows 98 or later}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}} |
|
! {{rh}} | AppleWorks| {{yes}}| {{dropped}} (6.2.9)| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}}
|
! {{rh}} | Celframe Office| Windows 98 or later}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}} |
|
! {{rh}} | GNOME Office| {{partial}} (14)| {{partial}} (15)| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}}
|
! {{rh}} | Gobe Productive| Windows 98 or later}}| 1Q '08| 1Q '08| {{no}}| {{no}} |
|
! {{rh}} | Google Apps| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)
|
! {{rh}} | iWork| {{no}}| {{yes}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}}
|
! {{rh}} | Kingsoft Office (WPS Office)| {{yes}}| {{no}}| {{yes2}} some versions(16)| {{no}}| {{no}}
|
! {{rh}} | KOffice| {{partial}} (17)| {{partial}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}}
|
! {{rh}} | Lotus SmartSuite| {{yes}}| {{?}}| {{?}}| {{?}}| {{?}}
|
! {{rh}} | Lotus Symphony| {{yes}}| {{Yes}} (Lotus Jazz)| {{Yes}}| {{?}}| {{?}}
|
! {{rh}} | MarinerPak| {{no}}| {{yes}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}}
|
! {{rh}} | Microsoft Office| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}}
|
! {{rh}} | Microsoft Works| {{yes}}| Mac OS Classic>Classic only)| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}} |
|
! {{rh}} | NeoOffice| {{no}}| Mac OS X v10.3 or above}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}} |
|
! {{rh}} | OpenGoo| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)
|
|
|
! {{rh}} | OpenOffice.org| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}}
|
! {{rh}} | ShareOffice| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)
|
! {{rh}} | SoftMaker Office| {{yes}}| {{no}}| {{yes}}| {{yes}}| {{no}}
|
! {{rh}} | StarOffice| {{yes}}| {{yes}} (Intel only)| {{yes}}| {{no}}| {{yes}}
|
! {{rh}} | ThinkFree Office| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)
|
! {{rh}} | WordPerfect Office| Windows 98 | , Windows Me>Me, Windows 2000 | , Windows XP>XP, Vista}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}}| {{no}} |
|
! {{rh}} | ZCubes| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)
|
! {{rh}} | Zoho| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)| {{yes}} (fully online)
|
|
Main components
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center; width: auto"|
! style="width:12em" |! Word processor! Spreadsheet! Presentation! Email! Notetaking! Flowchart! Graphics: raster/vector! Image viewer! Formula editor! Database! Project management! Desktop publishing! Web design! Collaboration! PDF export
|
!| Ability Office| Ability Write}} | Ability Spreadsheet}} | Ability Presentation}}|{{no}}|{{no}} | Ability Draw}} | Ability Photopaint/ Ability Draw}} | Ability Photoalbum}}|{{no}} | Ability Database}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}} |
|
!|AppleWorks|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}
|
!| Celframe Office| Celframe Write}} | Celframe Spreadsheet}} | Celframe PowerPresentation}} | Celframe Mail}} | Celframe Note Taker}} | Celframe Draw}} | Celframe Studio}} | Celframe Photo Album}} | Celframe Spreadsheet Inbuilt}} | Celframe DataAccess}} | Celframe Project}} | Celframe Publisher}} | Celframe Publishing, Celframe Write Inbuilt}} | Google Docs, plugin in all apps}} | With Adobe Distiller functions}} |
|
!| GNOME Office| Abiword}} | Gnumeric}}|{{no}} | Evolution (Software)>Evolution | (18)|{{no}}Dia (software)>Dia | (19)|{{no}}Pages}}|{{yes2}}iWeb | (20)
|
!| Microsoft Works| Microsoft Works Word Processor}} | Microsoft Works Spreadsheet}} | Microsoft Office PowerPoint Viewer}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}} | Microsoft Works Database}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{?}} |
|
!| NeoOffice| NeoOffice Writer}} | NeoOffice Calc}} | NeoOffice Impress}}|{{no}}|{{no}} | NeoOffice Draw}} | NeoOffice Draw}}|{{no}} | NeoOffice Math}} | NeoOffice Base}}|{{no}} | NeoOffice Draw}} | NeoOffice Writer | (21)}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}
|
!| OpenGoo|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|beta|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}
|
!| OpenOffice.org| OpenOffice.org Writer}} | OpenOffice.org Calc}} | OpenOffice.org Impress}}|{{no}}|{{no}} | OpenOffice.org Draw}} | OpenOffice.org Draw}}|{{no}} | OpenOffice.org Math}} | OpenOffice.org Base}}|{{no}} | OpenOffice.org Draw}} | OpenOffice.org Writer | (22)|{{no}}|{{yes2}}DataMaker|{{yes2}}DataMaker|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}
|
!| StarOffice| StarWriter}} | StarCalc}} | StarImpress}}|{{no}}|{{no}} | StarDraw}} | StarDraw}}|{{no}} | StarMath}} | StarBase}}|{{no}} | StarDraw}} | StarWriter | }}|{{no}}|{{yes}}
|
!| WordPerfect Office| WordPerfect}} | Quattro Pro}} | Corel Presentations}} | WordPerfect MAIL}}|{{no}} | Corel Presentations}}|{{no}}|{{no}} | Equation Editor}} | Paradox}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}} |
|
!| ZCubes| ZText Editor}} | Calci}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}} | ZCharts}} | VML/SVG Editor}}|{{yes}}|{{no}} | ZPlatform}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{no}} |
Unicode support
Not all office suites support Unicode; some have restricted Unicode support or, like Corel WordPerfect Office, use their own encoding standard, in spite of wide criticism from users.Historical
- AppleWorks (previously known as "ClarisWorks") — an early Mac Office suite. It has morphed and branched into AppleWorks and GoBe Productive. When the original developers split up, ClarisWorks continued as AppleWorks after being bought by Apple, and GoBeProductive was redeveloped from the ground up using ideas from the original. Apple discontinued this suite after the release of iWork '08 in August 2007.(23)
- IBM Works — was an office suite for the IBM OS/2 operating system. It included word processing, spreadsheet, database and PIM applications.
- Island Office was available in the 1990s on many Unix platforms. This included Island Write, Draw, Paint, Presents, Calc, Chart, Table and Equation. Island Draw was, at the time, an extremely powerful PostScript editor. The company that created this software was/is called Island Software.
- Lotus Symphony — Following the popularity of office suites made by competitors, the makers of the wildly popular Lotus 123, tried their hand at a suite for Windows. (Name resurrected by IBM in September 2007 as a free OpenOffice based suite)
- Lotus Jazz — Mac sister product to Lotus Symphony.
- LotusWorks — DOS and Windows suite containing a word processor, spreadsheet, database, graphing tools and telecommunications (modem terminal) module.
- Open Access — Integrated software by Software Products International (SPI).
- Q&A (software) - Featured a database management system, "intelligent assistant", and integrated word processor.
- WindowWorks — Successor to LotusWorks above.
- Xoom Office — Historical but still available on eBay and elsewhere. Produced by the former makers of WordStar.
See also
References
-
[Online office suite-The winner is clear]
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[NOVELL: SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop: OpenOffice.org]
-
[NEWS, Office 2004 Benchmarks on Intel-based Macs, MacTech Editorial Staff,weblink 2008-04-06, MacTech, ]
-
[Celframe Office 2008 has no support for Microsoft Office 2007 files weblink]
-
[Celframe Office 2008 ODF support weblink]
-
[HTTP://WWW.APPLE.COM/PR/LIBRARY/2005/JAN/11IWORK.HTML ]| TITLE=APPLE UNVEILS IWORK ’05 | PUBLISHER=APPLE, INC., |
-
[Kingsoft Office from version 6.3.0.1731 has docx, xlsx beta supportweblink]
-
[Kingsoft Office 2009 has no ODF support weblink]
-
[Release date of Lotus SmartSuite fromweblink]
-
[No OOXML in Office 2007 service pack]
-
[Microsoft Expands List of Formats Supported in Microsoft Office]
-
)Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{yes2}} Microsoft Office Live | |
!| Microsoft Works| Microsoft| 1986| —| (9.0) (Windows), (4.0) (Macintosh)| Microsoft Windows>Windows and Macintosh| {{yes}}| {{no}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| NeoOffice| Planamesa Software| 2005-06-02| OpenOffice.org 1.1 for Mac OS X| 2.2.5| Mac OS X| {{yes2}} (Supported since version 2.1)| {{yes}}| GNU General Public License>GPL| {{?}} |
|
!| OpenGoo| {{?}}| {{?}}| —| 1.1| Cross-platform| {{no}}| {{no}}| AGPL| {{yes2}} Fully online
|
!| OpenOffice.org| OpenOffice.org Organization| October 2001| StarOffice| 3.0
(all versions require Java runtime environment)| Cross-platform| {{yes2}} (With several free plugins, or partial import support in version 3.0)| {{yes}}| LGPL| yes - with several free extensions
|
!| ShareOffice| ShareMethods| May 2007| —|| Cross-platform| {{no}}| {{yes}}| Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{yes2}} Fully online |
|
!| SoftMaker Office| SoftMaker| 1989| —| 2008 (Windows, Linux, Pocket PC, Windows CE),
2006 (FreeBSD, Handheld PC)Linux, PocketPC, FreeBSD, and Microsoft Windows>Windows| {{no}}| {{yes2}} TextMaker | Proprietary software>Proprietary| {{?}} |
|
!| StarOffice| Sun Microsystems| 1995| StarWriter (word processor)>StarWriter| 9.0| Cross-platform| {{yes2}} (Import only)| {{yes}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| yes - with several free extensions |
|
!| StarOffice
from Google Pack| Sun Microsystems| 1995StarWriter (word processor)>StarWriter| 8.0 - Update 10| Cross-platform| {{no}}| {{yes}} | Proprietary software>Proprietary| yes - with several free extensions |
|
!| ThinkFree Office| Haansun| 1994| —| 3.5| Cross-platform| {{yes}}| {{no}}[ThinkFree on Ubuntu weblink]
-
[ThinkFree features weblink]
-
[Only Abiword, Gnumeric, GIMP and Inkscape are available for MS Windows.]
-
[Only Abiword is available as a native application. Using X11 one can run GIMP and Inkscape. With X11 and DarwinPorts - also Gnumeric.]
-
[Kingsoft Office 2009 - supported operating systemsweblink]
-
[Kexi is available for Windows as a commercial product. A Cygwin port of KDEweblink (which includes KOffice) is in progress although the status of that port is poor. With KOffice 2.0 based on KDE4 native MS Windows and MacOS ports will be available.]
-
[Not included in this office suite, but provided in the OS.]
-
|{{yes2}}GIMP/Inkscape|{{yes2}}F-Spotbuilt into Abiword}} | GNOME-DB}} | Planner (project management)>Planner | |{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{no}}
|
!| GobeProductive|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{yes}}|{{no}}|{{no}}