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{{Short description|Political party in Finland}}

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{{refn>For historical reasons, the party's name is spelled in the old-fashioned way, with a short a.sv|Socialdemokraterna}}| logo = Sozialdemokratische Partei Finnlands Logo.svg| logo_size = 160Social Democratic Party of Finland}}| abbreviation = SDPSD| chairperson = Antti Lindtman| secretary = Mikkel NäkkäläjärviKari Anttila|fi}}Helsinki| newspaper = DemokraattiKalevi Sorsa FoundationKalevi Sorsa -säätiö}}Social Democratic Students}}Social Democratic Youth (Finland)>Social Democratic YouthSocial Democratic Women in FinlandSosialidemokraattiset Naiset}}MEMBER ORGANISATIONS>PUBLISHER=SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL WOMENURL=HTTPS://WWW.SOCINTWOMEN.ORG.UK/EN/MEMBERS.HTML, | membership_year = 2021WEBSITE=SUOMEN SOSIALIDEMOKRAATTINEN PUOLUEDATE=2021, 15 February 2024, | ideology = Social democracy| position = Centre-left| european = Party of European SocialistsProgressive AllianceHTTPS://PROGRESSIVE-ALLIANCE.INFO/NETWORK/PARTIES-AND-ORGANISATIONS/PUBLISHER=PROGRESSIVE ALLIANCESocialist InternationalHTTPS://WWW.SOCIALISTINTERNATIONAL.ORG/ABOUT-US/MEMBERS/PUBLISHER=SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL, 22 July 2019, Progressive Alliance of Socialists and DemocratsHTTPS://WWW.DEMSOC.ORG/2014/03/03/SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC-PARTY-OF-FINLAND-SDP/LAST=TERRYDATE=3 MARCH 2014ACCESS-DATE=16 MARCH 2019, Työväen marssiTyöväen marssi}}| affiliation1_title = Nordic affiliation| affiliation1 = SAMAKThe Social Democratic Group{{party colourborder=darkgray}} RedParliament of Finland>Eduskunta



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}}| seats2_title = European Parliament



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}}List of municipalities of Finland>Municipalities



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}}Wellbeing services counties of Finland>County seatssdp.fi}}| country = Finland| leader1_name = Tytti Tuppurainen| leader1_title = Parliamentary group leader| leader2_name = Nasima Razmyar| leader2_title = First deputy chair| leader3_title = Second deputy chair| leader4_title = Third deputy chair| leader3_name = Niina MalmMatias MäkynenHTTPS://YLE.FI/A/74-20048020DATE=1 SEPTEMBER 2023TITLE=SDP:N UUSI PUHEENJOHTAJA ANTTI LINDTMAN: "RASISMI ON REPINYT AVOHAAVAA SUOMEN SIELUUN", | wing1_title = Children’s wingNuoret KotkatNuoret Kotkat}}Finlands Svenska Socialdemokrater|fi}}| wing2_title = Swedish wing}}The Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP, {{IPA-fi|ˈsuo̯men ˈsosiɑ(ː)liˌdemokrɑːtːinen ˈpuo̯lue|}}, nicknamed: demarit in Finnish; ) is a social democratic and pro-European political party in Finland.WEB,weblink Information and Result Service, Vaalit: Information and Result Service, BOOK, Bale, Tim,weblink Riding the populist wave: Europe's mainstream right in crisis, 2021, Cambridge University Press, Cristóbal Rovira, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, 978-1-009-00686-6, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 35, 1256593260, It is the third largest party in the Parliament of Finland with 43 seats.Founded in 1899 as the Workers' Party of Finland (; ), the SDP is Finland's oldest active political party and has a close relationship with the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions. It is also a member of the Party of European Socialists, Progressive Alliance, Socialist International and SAMAK.Following the resignation of Antti Rinne in December 2019, Sanna Marin became the country's 46th Prime Minister. SDP formed a new coalition government on the basis of its predecessor, in effect continuing cooperation with the Centre Party, the Green League, the Left Alliance and the Swedish People's Party. Seven of the Finnish Government its nineteen ministers are SDP members.WEB,weblink Ministers, Valtioneuvosto, 20 June 2019, In September 2023, Antti Lindtman was elected leader of the party following Marin's resignation after the 2023 election.WEB, 1 September 2023, SDP elects Antti Lindtman as Sanna Marin's successor,weblink 18 February 2024, News, en,

History

(File:SDP Oulu 1906.jpg|thumb|left|SDP's party conference in Oulu in the year 1906)The party was founded as the Workers' Party of Finland in 1899, with its first meeting being held from 17–20 July in Turku. At the beginning of the 1900s the party presented demands as well as solutions to the tenant farmer question, the managing of employment, improvement of workers’ rights, freedom of speech and an 8-hour work day.WEB,weblink Suomen työväen puolueen ohjelma, Social Democratic Party of Finland, fi, 20 July 1899, 19 February 2024, In its 1903 second party conference in Forssa, the party's name was renamed to the present form: Social Democratic Party of Finland, but the Grand Duchy of Finland's then governor-general Nikolay Bobrikov had forbidden the SDP from using "social democratic" in their name before, but this ban was not followed by the party members when the name was changed. At the same time, the at the time, radical Forssa Programme was agreed upon, which served as the official party platform until 1952. The goals of the programme were an 8-hour workday, a minimum wage, universal compulsory education and prohibition.BOOK, Suomen historian käsikirja, Edgren, Torsten, Merja, Manninen, Jari, Ukkonen, 2003, 268, 951-0-27651-0, The Forssa programme is based on the Erfurt Programme approved by the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 1891 and the Social Democratic Party of Austria's programme, respectively. Its immediate demands have been fulfilled, but the most significant and currently unfulfilled requirement is the right to vote. To date, the Finnish people have not had the right to directly vote on laws. according to the items on the list, they have only had the right twice, but just on advisory referendums, once about prohibition in 1931 and another time in the 1994 Finnish European Union membership referendum.WEB,weblink Valtiollinen kansanäänestys, Vaalit, Ministry of Justice (Finland), 24 February 2024, The demands on total separation of church and state, abolition of religious education in all schools and to the prohibition of alcohol have since then, all been abandoned.WEB,weblink Forssan ohjelma 1903, Social Democratic Party of Finland, 20 August 1903, 24 February 2024, The SDP was closely associated with the Finnish Trade Union Federation (SAJ), established in 1907, with all of its members also being members of the party.Roselius, Aapo; Tepora, Tuomas (2014). The Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 32. {{ISBN|9789004243668}}. The party remained a chiefly extra-parliamentary movement until universal suffrage was introduced in 1906, after which the SDP's share of the votes reached 47% in the 1916 Finnish parliamentary election, when the party secured a majority in the parliament, the only time in the history of Finland when one party has had such a majority. The party lost its majority in the 1917 Finnish parliamentary election after the Russian Provisional Government had rejected its Valtalaki 1917 proposal and disbanded the Finnish government, starting a rebellion with the broader Finnish labour movement that quickly escalated into the Finnish Civil War in 1918.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}SDP members declared Finland a socialist republic, but they were defeated by the forces of the White Guard. The war resulted in most of the party leaders being killed, imprisoned or left to seek refuge in Soviet Russia.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} In addition, the process leading to the civil war and the war itself had stripped the party of its political legitimacy and respectability in the eyes of the right-wing majority. However, the political support for the party remained strong. In the 1919 Finnish parliamentary election, the party, reorganised by Väinö Tanner, received 80 of the 200 seats of the parliament. In 1918, former exiled SDP members founded the Communist Party of Finland (SKP) in Moscow. Although the SKP was banned in Finland until 1944, it was represented by front organisations, leading to the support of the Finnish working class being divided between the SDP and the SKP.It became the life's work of Väinö Tanner to re-establish the SDP as a serious, governing party. The result was a much more patriotic SDP which leaned less to the left and was relatively isolated from its Nordic sister parties, namely the Danish Social Democrats, the Norwegian Labour Party and the Swedish Social Democratic Party. President Pehr Evind Svinhufvud's animosity kept the SDP out of government during his presidency from 1931 to 1937. With the exception of a brief period in 1926, when Tanner formed a minority government, the SDP was excluded from cabinet participation until Kyösti Kallio was elected President in 1937. During World War II, the party played a central role in a series of broad coalition cabinets, symbolising national unity forged in response to the threat of the Soviet Union in the Winter War of 1939–1940. The SDP was a member of the Labour and Socialist International from 1923 to 1940.Kowalski, Werner (1985). Geschichte der Sozialistischen Arbeiter-Internationale: 1923–1940, Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften (in German).During the first few months of the Continuation War (1941–1944), the country, the parliament and the cabinet were divided on the question of whether Finland's army should stop at the old border and thereby demonstratively refrain from any attempt of conquests. However, the country's dangerous position called for national unity and the SDP's leadership chose to refrain from any visible protests. This decision is sometimes indicated as one of the main reasons behind the post-war division between the main left-wing parties (the SKP and the SDP) and the high percentage of SKP voters in the first elections after the Continuation War. After the war, the SKP was allowed to continue working and the main feature of Finnish political life during the 1944–1949 period was the competition between the SDP and the SKP, both for voters and for the control of the labour unions. During this time, the political field was divided roughly equally between the SDP, the SKP and the Agrarian League, each party commanding some 25% of the vote. In the post-war era, the SDP adopted a line of defending Finnish sovereignty and democracy in line with the Agrarian League and other bourgeois political parties, finally leading to the expulsion of the SKP from the cabinet in 1948. As a result, the Soviet Union remained more openly critical towards the SDP than the centre-right parties.(File:Sdpmunicipal1933.jpg|thumb|SDP municipal election poster from 1933 ("Municipal power to those who work"))Because of the SDP's anti-communism, the United States Central Intelligence Agency supported the party by means of funds laundered through Nordic sister parties or through organisations that bought luxury goods such as coffee abroad, then imported and sold them for a high profit as post-war rationing served to inflate prices. In the 1956 Finnish presidential election, the SDP candidate Karl-August Fagerholm lost by only one electoral vote to Urho Kekkonen. Fagerholm would act as Prime Minister in the Fagerholm II Cabinet (1956–1957) and the Fagerholm III Cabinet (1958–1959). The latter cabinet was forced to resign due to Soviet pressure, leading to a series of cabinets led by the Agrarian League. In 1958, due to the election of Väinö Tanner as party chairman, a faction of the SDP resigned and formed the Social Democratic Union of Workers and Smallholders (TPSL) around the former SDP chairman Emil Skog. The dispute was over several issues, namely whether the party should function as an interest group and whether it should co-operate with the anti-communists and right-wingers or with president Kekkonen, the Agrarian League and the SKP. During the 1960s, the TPSL dwindled, its members returning one by one to the SDP or joining the SKP, with Skog himself returning to the SDP in 1965. In the 1970 Finnish parliamentary election, the TPSL failed to gain any seats in parliament. Only in 1966 was the SDP able to satisfy the Soviet Union about its friendly attitude towards it and could thus return to the cabinet. Since then, the SDP has been represented in most Finnish cabinets, often cooperating with the centrist-agrarian Centre Party (formerly the Agrarian League), but sometimes with the liberal-conservative National Coalition Party. The SDP was in opposition from 1991 to 1995, when the main parties in the cabinet were the Centre Party and the National Coalition Party (NCP).The 1995 Finnish parliamentary election saw a landslide victory for the SDP, achieving their best results since World War II. The SDP rose to government from the opposition and leader Paavo Lipponen headed two consecutive cabinets from 1995 to 2003. During this time, the party adopted a pro-European stance and contributed actively to the Finnish membership in the European Union in 1995 in concert with the cabinet. In the 2003 Finnish parliamentary election, the SDP won 53 of the 200 seats, ending up a close second to the Centre Party. As a result, Lipponen became the Speaker of Parliament and the Centre Party leader Anneli Jäätteenmäki became the new Prime Minister, leading a coalition cabinet that included the SDP which got eight ministerial posts. After two months in office, Jäätteenmäki resigned due to a scandal relating to the Iraq leak and was replaced by Matti Vanhanen, another Centre Party representative, who commanded the Vanhanen I Cabinet.File:Prime Minister of Finland Sanna Marin 2019 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|Former party leader Sanna MarinSanna MarinFile:Eduskuntavaalit 2011 - Suomen Sosialidemokraattinen Puolue.svg|thumb|Support for the Social Democrats by municipality in the 2011 Finnish parliamentary election2011 Finnish parliamentary electionIn the 2007 Finnish parliamentary election, the SDP gained the third-most votes. The chairman of the then-largest Centre Party, Matti Vanhanen, became the Prime Minister and formed a coalition cabinet consisting of the Green League, the NCP and the Swedish People's Party of Finland (SFP), leaving the SDP to the opposition. SDP leader Eero Heinäluoma did not immediately resign as party chairman, but he did announce his withdrawal from running for party chairman in the following party conference. He was replaced by Jutta Urpilainen. The SDP suffered further losses in the 2008 Finnish municipal elections and the 2009 European Parliament election. In the 2011 Finnish parliamentary election, the SDP lost three more seats, ending up with 19.1 percent of the vote which corresponded to 42 seats, the party's worst-ever result. However, as the Centre Party lost even more voters, the SDP became the second-largest party in the country after the NCP, receiving only some 1,500 votes more than the Finns Party which came in third. After lengthy negotiations, a six-party coalition government, the Katainen Cabinet, was formed with the NCP and the SDP as the two main parties. SDP leader Jutta Urpilainen became the cabinet's Minister of Finance, with NCP chairman Jyrki Katainen serving as Prime Minister.In the 2014 party conference, Urpilainen was narrowly defeated by her challenger Antti Rinne in a 257 to 243 vote.WEB,weblink Antti Rinne on SDP:n uusi puheenjohtaja, Yle, 9 May 2014, 18 February 2024, fi, Urpilainen subsequently stepped down as the Minister of Finance, passing the seat on to Rinne.WEB,weblink Antti Rinteestä uusi valtiovarainministeri, Helsingin Sanomat, 28 May 2014, 5 December 2019, fi, In the 2015 Finnish parliamentary election, the drop of support continued for the SDP. The party lost eight more seats compared to the 2011 parliamentary election, ending up with 34 seats and 16.5 percent of the vote. With the repeat of the worst-ever result, the SDP dropped to being the fourth largest political party in Finland, receiving 50,110 fewer votes than the NCP, yet 237,000 more votes than the Green League. The SDP was left in the opposition and provided extensive criticism on the actions of the Sipilä Cabinet on matters such as alcohol policy, cuts to education spending and the so-called active model.WEB,weblink Eduskunta hyväksyi työttömyysturvalain aktiivimalleineen – Teollisuusliitto tuomitsee ja väläyttää lakkoa, Yle Uutiset, 19 December 2017, fi, 2 January 2018, On 22 June 2016, Maria Tolppanen, a Finns Party representative, joined the SDP. This increased the SDP's parliamentary seat number to 35.WEB,weblink Perussuomalaisten kansanedustaja loikkaa Sdp:n riveihin, Helsingin Sanomat, 22 June 2016, 22 June 2016, fi, In the 2019 Finnish parliamentary election, the SDP gained 6 seats in comparison to the 2015 parliamentary election and became the largest party in the parliament.WEB,weblink Parliamentary Elections 2019: Party Results, Ministry of Justice, 15 April 2019, 16 April 2019, fi, Based on the answers and initial talks with all parties, Rinne announced that he would negotiate forming a government with the Centre Party, the Green League, the Left Alliance and the Swedish People's Party.WEB,weblink Näin syntyi hallitusohjelmasta neuvotteleva uusi punamulta, Yle Uutiset, 8 May 2019, 5 December 2019, fi, The negotiations were ultimately successful and the Rinne Cabinet was formally inaugurated on 6 June 2019.WEB, Finland's new government: SDP, Centre dominate ministerial portfolios,weblink Yle News, 18 February 2024, 3 June 2019, On 3 December 2019, Rinne resigned as Prime Minister after the Centre Party had expressed a lack of confidence in Rinne for his handling of the events surrounding a postal strike in Finland.WEB, Finnish PM Rinne resigns,weblink Yle News, 6 December 2019, 18 February 2024, He was followed in the position by Sanna Marin, who was appointed as Prime Minister on 10 December 2019.WEB, Finland's record-young PM appointed, faces confidence vote next week,weblink Yle News, 11 December 2019, 18 February 2024,

Ideology

The SDP is a centre-left social-democratic party.WEB, 14 April 2019, Finland's Social Democrats on top in partial election result,weblink 2021-12-21, the Guardian, en, WEB, Finland goes left: Social Democrats win slim victory as far right surges,weblink 21 December 2021, SBS News, en, WEB, 14 April 2019, Finland's centre-left and Euro-skeptic populists top parliamentary election,weblink CBC, In its 2020 declaration of principles the party's ideals and priorities are: sustainable development, all-encompassing equality, peace, solidarity, freedom, co-operation, a clean and pristine environment together with democratic socialism. The SDP also embraces humanism's values as well as the Nordic model's accomplishments.WEB,weblink 2020 Declaration of Principles, en, Social Democratic Party of Finland, 23 August 2020, 18 February 2024, In the 1900s, the party known as the Finnish Workers' Party was founded on the basis of social issues, class and socialism. SDP was the only political party in Finland for a long time. In 1907, the SDP was the strongest socialist party in Europe, as evidenced by the qualified majority in the Finnish {{ill|Tokoi Senate|fi|Tokoin senaatti}} in 1917. At the beginning of the 20th century, the party received its main support from groups of the landless population and the rural population. In 1919, at the SDP's meeting, a split was made with the radical communists, as a result of which they broke away and founded the SSTP. As a result of the civil war and the October Revolution, the workers' movement became even more divided.BOOK, Rantala, Onni, 1982, Suomen puolueiden muuttuminen 1945–1980, Changes in Finnish parties between 1945–1980, fi, Helsinki, Gaudeamus, 951-662-320-4, Up until Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine,NEWS, Waterfield, Bruno, Crossland, David, Sanna Marin concedes election defeat as Finland officially joins Nato, en, The Times,weblink 15 April 2023, 0140-0460, the party opposed on joining NATO and instead preferred to remain in the Partnership for Peace.WEB, Duxbury, Charlie, 15 May 2022, Dramatic U-turns by Social Democrats in Sweden, Finland paved way to NATO,weblink 27 May 2022, Politico, en-US, The SDP is in favour of queer rights, the construction of nuclear power plants, the conservation of Swedish as one of Finland's two official languages and to the increase of funding given to public schools and universities.WEB,weblink Policies, Social Democratic Party of Finland, 17 February 2024, The party is advocating for Finland to become coal-free by 2030.NEWS, Sims, Alexandra, 14 March 2020,weblink Finland plans to completely phase out coal by 2030, The Independent, 9 May 2020, The SDP had advocated for policies preventing foreigners from outside the EU from working in Finland,JOURNAL, Bucken-Knapp, Gregg, Hinnfors, Jonas, Levin, Pia, Spehar, Andrea, 23 June 2014,weblink No nordic model: Understanding differences in the labour migration policy preferences of mainstream Finnish and Swedish political parties, Comparative European Politics, 12, 6, 584–602, 10.1057/cep.2014.22, 256512054, 17 February 2024, NEWS,weblink Centre Party split over immigration, Yle News, 7 March 2015, 17 February 2024, but has since then softened its positions on immigration and has come to support certain immigration reforms. In its 2023 parliamentary election programme its self-declared goal was the increasing of work-based immigration coming to Finland as a way of responding to the county's labour shortage and low birth rate.WEB,weblink "SDP's parliamentary election programme 2023", Social Democratic Party of Finland, 18 February 2024, In 2023, the SDP, along with the NCP, both criticised the Finns Party for their lack of willingness to the easing of work permit requirements to foreigners coming from outside the European Union.NEWS,weblink SDP ja kokoomus tyrmäävät perussuomalaisten linjaukset työperäisestä maahanmuutosta: "Suomea näivettävää", Yle Uutiset, 30 January 2023, 18 February 2024, The party opposed certain economic reforms both in the 2011 Finnish parliamentary election and in the subsequent negotiations about the government programme.NEWS, Elonen, Piia, 3 April 2011,weblink Puolueiden mielestä talouskasvu ratkoo ongelmat, The parties believe that economic growth will solve problems, Helsingin Sanomat, fi, 9 May 2020, NEWS, Elonen, Piia, 3 April 2011,weblink Ekonomistit teilaavat puolueiden talouspolitiikan, Economists critique the parties' economic policy, Helsingin Sanomat, fi, 9 May 2020, NEWS, Sutinen, Teija, 2 February 2013,weblink Sdp:n eläkelinja syntyi puolivahingossa, The SDP's pension line was born in a semi-accident, Helsingin Sanomat, fi, 9 May 2020, The SDP maintains a close relationship with trade unions. The party has opposed social reforms that would reduce the role of earnings-related unemployment benefits. The government pays them to recipients through financial middlemen that are almost exclusively trade unions.BOOK, Soininvaara, Osmo, 2010, SATA-komitea. Miksi asioista päättäminen on niin vaikeaa, fi, The SDP also supports the separation of church and state.WEB,weblink Aloiteet 170–171 Kirkko ja valtio erotettava toisistaan, Initiatives 170–171 Church and state should separated, Social Democratic Party of Finland, fi, 2017, 18 February 2024,

Controversies

The SDP's politicians, among serveral other finnish political parties’ members, have received criticism about their connections with the Russians for years,{{By whom|date=February 2024}} for example, SDP politicians Eero Heinäluoma, Paavo Lipponen, Erkki Tuomioja, Antton Rönnholm and Tarja Halonen have all had past connections to Russia.{{clarify|date=February 2024}} In 2005, according to Halonen, Russia's goals were: "...democracy, human rights and good governance."WEB, 1 October 2005, Halonen: Suomessa on Venäjän pelkoa,weblink 24 February 2023, Yle Uutiset, fi, 9 years later, in 2014 after Russia annexed Crimea, Halonen thought that Russia should not have been punished by sanctions or isolation.WEB, IS, 5 March 2014, Presidentti Halosen mielestä Venäjää ei saisi rangaista eristämällä,weblink 24 February 2023, Ilta-Sanomat, fi, SDP's former party secretary Antton Rönnholm has also taken his part. Through his consulting firm's services offered to Gazprom, he sent an invoice for almost 200,000 euros to them for assisting in the South Stream gas pipeline project. More than half of Gazprom is owned by the Russian state, and it is partly used as a geopolitical tool in Europe and the rest of the world.WEB, Honkamaa, Antti, 23 February 2017, Sdp:n puoluesihteeri kääri jättitilin kaasuputkihankkeella – laskutti Gazpromilta lähes 200 000 euroa,weblink 24 February 2023, Ilta-Sanomat, fi, In February 2022, politician Erkki Tuomioja published a work with the title "Finland and NATO – Why Finland should have the opportunity to apply for NATO membership and why that opportunity should not be used now". In his work Tuomioja estimated that Russia was viewed rather unanalytically.WEB, Tuomioja haukkuu Nato-kannattajat disinformaation levittämisestä,weblink 24 February 2023, www.iltalehti.fi, fi, Also in February 2022, when Russia had already been pressuring Ukraine for a long time, the social democratic MEP Eero Heinäluoma and Mauri Pekkarinen from the Centre Party both said in a Finnish current affairs television programme that preparing for the Russian threat was part of the problem. According to Heinäluoma, placing defensive armaments in Russia's neighbouring countries was instead a threat to Russia.WEB, Kommentti: Venäjä-selittäjien koulukunta siloittelee Putinin toimia,weblink 24 February 2023, www.iltalehti.fi, fi, Paavo Lipponen has lobbied for and been a consultant for Russia's Nord Stream project since 2008.WEB, Paavo Lipposen Nord Stream -lobbaus raivostuttaa – "Voisi antaa Venäjän hyysäämisestä ansaitsemansa miljoonat Ukrainalle",weblink 24 February 2023, www.iltalehti.fi, fi, That year, Russia went to war against Georgia, which marked the start of Putin's foreign policy's aggresiveness.WEB, Varjus, Seppo, 14 October 2022, Pääkirjoitus: Rahakas peli Venäjän kanssa tahri Ahon ja Lipposen kunnian – valtiomiesten mahalasku on syytä muistaa jatkossa,weblink 24 February 2023, Ilta-Sanomat, fi, In a report of the European Parliament's special committee in 2022, former Social Democratic Party and Centre Party prime ministers Lipponen and Esko Aho were said to be among the European politicians that Russia and China had hijacked to promote their interests.WEB,weblink European Parliament resolution of 9 March 2022 on foreign interference in all democratic processes in the European Union, including disinformation (2020/2268(INI)), 9 March 2022, European Parliament, 24 February 2024, Some current SDP politicians have therefore built their careers by appeasing Russia. However, in 2023, during the premiership of former Social Democratic Party chair Sanna Marin, Finland officially joined NATO.In September 2023, when Antti Lindtman got elected chair of the SDP, a scandal broke out due to him in his adolescent years, posing near four other naked young adults, nude, wearing a pointed hat in the style of a christmas elf, covered by a balaclava and with an airsoft gun in hand. While two others were doing a nazi salute in the same picture. Because of this, Lindtman was accused of being a nazi. He responded by stating that the image had been taken during his time in a high school film group by the name of "Team Paha, English: Team Bad" in a Pikkujoulu party while they were messing around and firmly denied the allegation of being a national socialist.NEWS, Buncombe, Andrew, 5 September 2023, Finland's opposition leader under fire over Nazi salute photo, en-GB, The Telegraph,weblink 23 September 2023, 0307-1235, WEB, Kuva leviää: Nuori Antti Lindtman mukana porukassa, jossa tehdään natsitervehdyksiä – näin Lindtman selittää,weblink 16 February 2024, Iltasanomat, 5 July 2023, fi, The party secretary, Mikkel Näkkäläjärvi's, nomination and subsequent appointment to his role during the SDP's 2023 conference in Jyväskylä was criticised because of his criminal background. In 2011 he had driven a car while under the presence of alcohol, and was charged with a 30-day suspended sentence and an accompanying fine. Näkkäläjärvi had also broken into a retired old lady's summer cottage as a 15-year-old teenager with three others around the same age as him and participated in the killing and burning of a grown-up cat in a bonfire. Following this, he was charged with burglary, vandalism and animal cruelty as a young person. Näkkäläjärvi has apologised for all of his past misdeeds.WEB, 9 February 2023, Mikkel Näkkäläjärvi nosti esiin vanhat rikostuomionsa – "Pyydän todella anteeksi",weblink Iltasanomat, fi, NEWS, 4 February 2023, New SDP party secretary faces fresh criticism over animal cruelty conviction,weblink 23 September 2023, Yle Uutiset, en, NEWS, Nuorisojoukko tappoi raa asti kissoja Inarissa,weblink 23 September 2023, Kaleva, fi, WEB, Mikkel Näkkäläjärvi osallistui 15-vuotiaana eläkeläisnaisen kissan surmaan – näin tapahtumat etenivät,weblink 16 February 2024, Iltasanomat, 6 September 2023, fi,

Voter base

The average age of an SDP member is 61.5 years.WEB,weblink Tutkimus: Tällaisia puolueiden jäsenet ovat – keskusta ja SDP eläkeikäisten puolueita ja perussuomalaiset miesten, Yle Uutiset, 27 March 2017, fi, 24 November 2017, Over one half of all SDP voters are active members of the workforce.

Prominent Social Democrats {|class"wikitable"

|Oskari TokoiSenate of Finland>Senate in 1917|Yrjö Sirola|Founder of the Communist Party of Finland|Väinö TannerPrime Minister of Finland>Prime Minister (1926–1927)Foreign Minister (1939–1940)|Karl-August FagerholmSpeaker of the Parliament of Finland>Speaker of Parliament (1945–1948, 1950–1956, 1957–1958, 1958–1962 and 1965–1966)|Rafael Paasio|Prime Minister (1966–1968 and 1972)|Kalevi Sorsa|Prime Minister (1972–1975, 1977–1979 and 1982–1987)|Mauno KoivistoPresident of Finland>President (1982–1994)|Pentti Väänänen|Secretary General of the Socialist International (1983–1989)|Martti Ahtisaari|President (1994–2000)Nobel Peace Prize laureate (2008)|Erkki Tuomioja|Foreign Minister (2000–2007 and 2011–2015)|Paavo Lipponen|Prime Minister (1995–2003)Speaker of the Parliament (2003–2007)|Tarja Halonen|Foreign Minister (1995–2000)President (2000–2012)|Eero Heinäluoma|Speaker of the Parliament (2011–2015)|Jutta UrpilainenMinister of Finance (Finland)>Finance Minister and Deputy Prime Minister (2011–2014)|Antti Rinne|Finance Minister and Deputy Prime Minister (2014–2015)Prime Minister (2019)|Sanna MarinMinister of Transport and Communications (Finland)>Minister of Transport and Communications (2019)

Leaders of the Social Democrats

(File:Tulonjako.png|thumb|right|1972 the Finnish Social Democratic Party Election Poster)(File:Työ.jpg|thumb|right|TYÖ Poster used in the 2011 parliamentary elections and the 2012 municipal elections){|class="wikitable" !Time!Leader|1899–1900|Nils Robert af Ursin|1900J. A. Salminen|fi}}|1900–1903K. F. Hellstén|fi}}|1903–1905|Taavi Tainio|1905–1906|Emil Perttilä|1906–1909|Edvard Valpas-Hänninen|1909–1911|Matti Paasivuori|1911–1913|Otto Wille Kuusinen|1913–1917|Matti Paasivuori|1917–1918|Kullervo Manner|1918–1926|Väinö Tanner|1926–1930|Matti Paasivuori|1930–1942|Kaarlo Harvala|1942–1944|Väinö Salovaara|1944–1946|Onni Hiltunen|1946–1957|Emil Skog|1957–1963|Väinö Tanner|1963–1975|Rafael Paasio|1975–1987|Kalevi Sorsa|1987–1991|Pertti Paasio|1991–1993|Ulf Sundqvist|1993–2005|Paavo Lipponen|2005–2008|Eero Heinäluoma|2008–2014|Jutta Urpilainen|2014–2020|Antti Rinne|2020–2023|Sanna Marin|2023–present|Antti Lindtman

Election results

{{See also|Elections in Finland}}

Parliament of Finland

ImageSize = width:1100 height:240PlotArea = width:1000 height:160 left:30 bottom:30AlignBars = justifyDateFormat = x.yPeriod = from:0 till:50TimeAxis = orientation:verticalAlignBars = justifyScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:0colors = PlotData = {|class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%; text-align:left;"Parliament of Finland! rowspan="2"|Election! colspan="4"|Popular vote! colspan="3"|Number of seats! rowspan="2"|Status! Votes! %! ± pp! Rank! Seats! +/–! Rank! 1907| 329,946| 37.03| {{increase}} 37.03| {{increase}} 1st80hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 80| {{increase}} 1stOpposition}}! 1908| 310,826| 38.40| {{increase}} 1.37| {{steady}} 1st83hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 3| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1909| 337,685| 39.89| {{increase}} 1.49| {{steady}} 1st84hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 1| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1910| 316,951| 40.04| {{increase}} 0.15| {{steady}} 1st86hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 2| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1911| 321,201| 40.03| {{decrease}} 0.01| {{steady}} 1st86hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{steady}} 0| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1913| 312,214| 43.11| {{increase}} 3.08| {{steady}} 1st90hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 4| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1916| 376,030| 47.29| {{increase}} 4.18| {{steady}} 1st103hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 13| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1917| 444,670| 44.79| {{decrease}} 2.50| {{steady}} 1st92hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 11| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1919| 365,046| 37.98| {{decrease}} 7.51| {{steady}} 1st80hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}} | {{decrease}} 12| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1922| 216,861| 25.06| {{decrease}} 12.22| {{steady}} 1st53hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 27| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! rowspan=2|1924255,06829.02{{increase}} 3.96{{steady}} 1st{{composition bar200Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}} {{increase}} 7{{steady}} 1stOpposition {{small|(1924–1926)}}}}Coalition {{small|(1926–1927)}}}}! 1927| 257,572| 28.30| {{decrease}} 0.72| {{steady}} 1st60hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}} | {{steady}} 0| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! 1929| 260,254| 27.36| {{decrease}} 0.94| {{steady}} 1st59hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 1| {{decrease}} 2ndOpposition}}! 1930| 386,026| 34.16| {{increase}} 6.80| {{steady}} 1st66hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 7| {{increase}} 1stOpposition}}! 1933| 413,551| 37.33| {{increase}} 3.17| {{steady}} 1st78hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}} | {{increase}} 12| {{steady}} 1stOpposition}}! rowspan=2|1936452,75138.59{{increase}} 1.26{{steady}} 1st{{composition bar200Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}{{increase}} 5{{steady}} 1stOpposition {{small|(1936–1937)}}}}Coalition {{small|(1937–1939)}}}}! 1939| 515,980| 39.77| {{increase}} 1.18| {{steady}} 1st85hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 2| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! 1945| 425,948| 25.08| {{decrease}} 14.69| {{steady}} 1st50hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 35| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! rowspan=3|1948494,71926.32{{increase}} 1.24{{steady}} 1st{{composition bar200Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}{{increase}} 4{{decrease}} 2ndCoalition {{small|(1948–1950)}}}}Opposition {{small|(1950–1951)}}}}Coalition {{small|(1951)}}}}! rowspan=3|1951480,75426.52{{increase}} 0.20{{steady}} 1st{{composition bar200Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}{{decrease}} 1{{increase}} 1stCoalition {{small|(1951–1953)}}}}Opposition {{small|(1953–1954)}}}}Coalition {{small|(1954)}}}}! rowspan=2|1954527,09426.25{{decrease}} 0.27{{steady}} 1st{{composition bar200Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}{{increase}} 1{{steady}} 1stCoalition {{small|(1954–1957)}}}}Opposition {{small|(1957–1958)}}}}! rowspan=2|1958449,53623.12{{decrease}} 3.13{{decrease}} 2nd{{composition bar200Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}{{decrease}} 6{{decrease}} 2ndCoalition {{small|(1958–1959)}}}}Opposition {{small|(1959–1962)}}}}! 1962| 448,930| 19.50| {{decrease}} 3.62| {{decrease}} 3rd38hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 10| {{decrease}} 3rdOpposition}}! 1966| 645,339| 27.23| {{increase}} 7.73| {{increase}} 1st55hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 17| {{increase}} 1stCoalition}}! 1970| 594,185| 23.43| {{decrease}} 3.80| {{steady}} 1st52hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 3| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! 1972| 664,724| 25.78| {{increase}} 2.35| {{steady}} 1st55hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 3| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! rowspan=3|1975683,59024.86{{decrease}} 0.92{{steady}} 1st{{composition bar200Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}{{decrease}} 1{{steady}} 1stCoalition {{small|(1975–1976)}}}}Opposition {{small|(1976–1977)}}}}Coalition {{small|(1977–1979)}}}}! 1979| 691,512| 23.89| {{decrease}} 0.97| {{steady}} 1st52hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 2| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! 1983| 795,953| 26.71| {{increase}} 2.82| {{steady}} 1st57hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 5| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! 1987| 695,331| 24.14| {{decrease}} 2.57| {{steady}} 1st56hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 1| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! 1991| 603,080| 22.12| {{decrease}} 2.02| {{decrease}} 2nd48hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 8| {{decrease}} 2ndOpposition}}! 1995| 785,637| 28.25| {{increase}} 6.13| {{increase}} 1st63hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 15| {{increase}} 1stCoalition}}! 1999| 612,963| 22.86| {{decrease}} 5.39| {{steady}} 1st51hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 12| {{steady}} 1stCoalition}}! 2003| 683,223| 24.47| {{increase}} 1.61| {{decrease}} 2nd53hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 2| {{decrease}} 2ndCoalition}}! 2007| 594,194| 21.44| {{decrease}} 3.03| {{decrease}} 3rd45hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 8| {{decrease}} 3rdOpposition}}! 2011| 561,558| 19.10| {{decrease}} 2.34| {{increase}} 2nd42hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 3| {{increase}} 2ndCoalition}}! 2015| 490,102| 16.51| {{decrease}} 2.59| {{decrease}} 4th34hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{decrease}} 8| {{decrease}} 4thOpposition}}! 2019| 546,471| 17.73| {{increase}} 1.22| {{increase}} 1st40hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 6| {{increase}} 1stCoalition}}! 2023| 616,218| 19.93| {{increase}} 2.20| {{decrease}} 3rd43hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}| {{increase}} 3| {{decrease}} 3rdOpposition}}Municipal Councils">

Municipal {|class"wikitable" style"font-size:97%; text-align:left;"Municipal Councils

!Year!Councillors!Votes!%19452,100265,6891950377,29425.05%1953449,25125.53%1956424,97725.42%19602,261414,175 21.10%19642,543530,87824.75%19682,351540,45023.86%19722,533676,38727.05%19762,735665,63224.82%19802,820699,28025.50%19842,830666,21824.70%19882,866663,69225.23%19923,130721,31027.08%19962,742583,62324.55%20002,559511,37022.99%20042,585575,82224.11%20082,066541,18721.23%20121,729487,92419.57%20171,697498,25219.38%20211,449433,00817.7%Parliament of Finland">

European Parliament {|class"wikitable" style"font-size:97%; text-align:left;"Parliament of Finland

!rowspan="2"|Year!colspan="4"|Popular vote!colspan="3"|Number of seats!rowspan="2"|Status!Votes!%!± pp!Rank!Seats!+/–!Rank1996 European Parliament election in Finland>1996|482,577|21.45%|{{increase}} 21.45|{{increase}} 2nd4hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|{{increase}} 4|{{increase}} 1st|1999 European Parliament election in Finland>1999|221,836|17.86%|{{decrease}} 3.59|{{decrease}} 3rd3hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|{{decrease}} 1|{{decrease}} 2nd|2004 European Parliament election in Finland>2004|350,525|21.16%|{{increase}} 3.30|{{steady}} 3rd3hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|{{steady}} 0|{{steady}} 2nd|2009 European Parliament election in Finland>2009|292,051 |17.54%|{{decrease}} 3.62|{{steady}} 3rd2hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|{{decrease}} 1|{{steady}} 2nd|2014 European Parliament election in Finland>2014|212,211 |12.31%|{{decrease}} 5.23|{{decrease}} 4th2hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|{{steady}} 0|{{steady}} 2nd|2019 European Parliament election in Finland>2019|267,342 |14.62%|{{increase}} 2.31|{{increase}} 2nd2hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|{{steady}} 0|{{steady}} 2nd| 2024 European Parliament election in Finland>2024| || | || ||

Presidential elections

Electoral college">

Indirect {|class"wikitable" style"font-size:97%; text-align:left;"Electoral college

!rowspan=2|Year!rowspan=2|Candidate!colspan=4|Popular vote!colspan=3|First ballot!colspan=3|Second ballot!colspan=3|Third ballot!rowspan=2|Results!Votes!%!Seats!Rank!Votes!%!Rank!Votes!%!Rank!Votes!%!Rank!1919|Väinö Tanner1hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|0.5|4th|{{lost}}!1925|Väinö Tanner|165,091|26.5579hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|1st78hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|26.0|1st2hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|0.7|5th|{{lost}}!1931|Väinö Tanner|252,550|30.290hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|1st90hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|30.0|1st0hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|0.0|4th|{{lost}}!1937|Väinö Tanner|341,408|30.6895hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|1st|{{lost}}!1940|Johan Helo4hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|1.30|2nd|{{lost}}!1943!1946!1950|343,828|21.8064hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|2nd!1956|Karl-August Fagerholm|442,408|23.3372hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|2nd72hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|24.0|2nd114hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|38.0|1st149hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|49.7|2nd|{{lost}}!1962|Rafael Paasio|289,366|13.0836hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|3rd37hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|12.3|3rd|{{lost}}!1968|Urho Kekkonen|315,068|15.4655hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|4th201hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|67.0|1st|{{won}}!1978|Urho Kekkonen|569,154|23.2574hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|1st259hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|86.3|1st|{{won}}!1982|Mauno Koivisto|1,370,314|43.10144hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|1st145hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|48.3|1st167hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|55.7|1st|{{won}}!1988{{refn|The 1988 presidential election was partially indirect. After Koivisto had failed to get a majority of the popular vote, he was elected president in the electoral college which the voters voted for alongside the direct vote.|group=nb}}|Mauno Koivisto|1,513,234|48.90128hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|1st144hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|48.0|1st189hex={{party colour|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}}}|63.0|1st|{{won}}{{center">

Direct {|classwikitable{{center

President of Finland>Presidency of the Republic of Finland}}!rowspan=2|Year!rowspan=2|Candidate!colspan=4|1st round!colspan=4|2nd round!rowspan=2|Results!Votes!%!± pp!Rank!Votes!%!± pp!Rank!1994|Martti Ahtisaari|828,038|25.91|{{decrease}} 22.99|{{steady}} 1st|1,723,485|53.85|{{increase}} 5.85|{{steady}} 1st|{{won}}!2000|Tarja Halonen|1,224,431|40.03|{{increase}} 14.12|{{steady}} 1st|1,644,532|51.63|{{decrease}} 2.22|{{steady}} 1st|{{won}}!2006|Tarja Halonen|1,397,030|46.31|{{increase}} 6.28|{{steady}} 1st|1,630,980|51.79|{{increase}} 0.16|{{steady}} 1st|{{won}}!2012|Paavo Lipponen|205,020|6.70|{{decrease}} 39.61|{{decrease}} 5th|{{lost}}!2018|Tuula Haatainen|97,294|3.25|{{decrease}} 3.45|{{decrease}} 6th|{{lost}}!2024|Jutta Urpilainen|140,802|4.34|{{increase}} 1.09|{{steady}} 6th|{{lost}}

See also

• List of Social Democratic Party (Finland) breakaway parties

Notes

{{reflist|group=nb}}{{notelist}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Commons category|Social Democratic Party of Finland}}

• Official website (in English)

{{Social Democratic Party of Finland}}{{Party of European Socialists}}{{Finnish political parties}}{{Authority control}}