LAMP (software bundle)
The
acronym LAMP refers to a
solution stack of software, usually
free and open source software, used to run dynamic
Web sites or
servers. The original expansion is as follows:
The combination of these technologies is used primarily to define a
web server infrastructure, define a
programming paradigm of developing software, and establish a
software distribution package.Though the originators of these open source programs did not design them all to work specifically with each other, the combination has become popular because of its low acquisition cost and because of the ubiquity of its components (which come bundled with most current
Linux distributions). When used in combination they represent a
solution stack of technologies that support
application servers.
History
The scripting component of the LAMP stack has its origins in the
CGI web interfaces that became popular in the early 1990s. This technology allows the user of a
web browser to execute a program on the web server, and to thereby receive dynamic as well as static content. Programmers used
scripting languages with these programs because of their ability to manipulate text streams easily and efficiently, even when they originate from disparate sources. For this reason system designers often referred to such scripting systems as
glue languages. Michael Kunze coined the acronym
LAMP in an article for the German computing magazine
c't in April 1998.
(2) The article aimed to show that a bundle of free software could provide a viable alternative to commercial packages. Knowing the IT-world's love of acronyms, Kunze came up with
LAMP as a marketing-like term to increase the popularity of free software.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
O'Reilly and
MySQL AB have made the term popular among English-speakers. Indeed, MySQL AB has since based some of its marketing efforts on the popularity of the LAMP stack.
Software
Linux
Linux is a
Unix-like computer
operating system kernel.
Apache HTTP Server
Apache HTTP Server is a
free software/
open source web server, the most popular in use.
(3) MySQL
MySQL is a
multithreaded,
multi-user,
SQL Database Management System (
DBMS) owned by
Sun Microsystems with more than eleven million installations.
(4)(5) Perl, PHP, Python, and/or Ruby
PHP (PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is a
reflective programming language originally designed for producing
dynamic Web pages. PHP is used mainly in
server-side application software, but can be used from a
command line interface or in standalone
graphical applications.
Variants and alternatives
Sometimes
Perl and
Python are used in place of PHP and are often referred to as LAMP systems as well. One review of the platform goes so far as to say "Let the
P stand for
Programming language like PHP, Perl, Python, and
Ruby."
(6) Some developers prefer to use the
M to mean
mod perl or
mod python and the
P to mean
PostgreSQL, reversing the
M and the
P in functionality. The acronym "LAMR" is occasionally used, to indicate
Ruby on Rails in place of PHP.Another variant designates the
M to be
Middleware (including
Ruby, Perl, Python
etc.) and the
P to be PostgreSQL.Other such stacks include unified application development environments such as
Apple Inc.'s
WebObjects,
Java/
Java EE,
Grails, and
Microsoft's
.NET architecture.Similarly, the
L is occasionally replaced with an
M (for
Mac OS X),
D (for
Darwin OS),
B (for
BSD Unix variants),
S (for
Sun Solaris) or
W (for
Microsoft Windows). In the case of
Microsoft Windows, the
A can be replaced with an
I (for
IIS) to create the acronym
WIMP.
See also
References
{{refs}}
External links
{{Linux}}{{FLOSS}}
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(...as imported from WP)
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