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Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon
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Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon
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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon (), of the Ibn Tibbon family, also known as Prophatius.Provençal, Jewish astronomer; born, probably at Marseilles, about 1236; died at Montpellier about 1304. He was a grandson of Samuel ben Judah ibn Tibbon. His Provençal name was Don Profiat Tibbon; the Latin writers called him Profatius Judæus. Jacob occupies a considerable place in the history of astronomy in the Middle Ages. His works, translated into Latin, were quoted by Copernicus, Reinhold, and Clavius. He was also highly reputed as a physician, and, according to Jean Astruc ("Mémoires pour Servir à l'Histoire de la Faculté de Médecine de Montpellier," p. 168), was regent of the faculty of medicine of Montpellier.In the controversy between the Maimonists and the anti-Maimonists Jacob defended science against the attacks of Abba Mari and his party; the energetic attitude of the community of Montpellier on that occasion was due to his influence.Jacob became known by a series of Hebrew translations of Arabic scientific and philosophical works, and above all by two original works on astronomy. His translations are: - the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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- the Elements of Euclid, divided into fifteen chapters;
- the treatise of Qusta ibn Luqa on the armillary sphere, in sixty-five chapters;
- Sefer ha-Mattanot, the Data of Euclid;
- a treatise of Autolycus on the sphere in movement;
- three treatises on the sphere of Menelaus of Alexandria;
- Ma'amar bi-Tekunah, or Sefer 'al Tekunah, in forty-four chapters;
- a treatise on the use of the astrolabe
- compendium of the Almagest of Ptolemy
- Iggeret ha-Ma'aseh be-Luaḥ ha-Niḳra Sofiḥah,
- preface to Abraham bar Ḥiyya's astronomical work;
- an extract from the Almagest on the arc of a circle;
- "Ḳiáºáºur mi-Kol Meleket Higgayon," Averroes' compendium of the Organon (Riva di Trento, 1559);
- Averroes' paraphrase of books xiâxix of Aristotle's history of animals;
- Mozene ha-'Iyyunim, from Ghazali.
See also
- Hachmei Provence
- Ibn Tibbon, a family list
- Jacob's staff
References
- {{MacTutor|id=Tibbon}}
- {{JewishEncyclopedia|article=Ibn Tibbon|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=52&letter=I|author= Max Schloessinger, Isaac Broydé and Richard Gottheil
External links
- ENCYCLOPEDIA, Thomas Hockey, etal, Mercier, Raymond, Jacob ben Makhir ibn Tibbon, The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers, Springer, 2007, New York, 538,weblink 978-0-387-31022-0, (PDF version)
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- time: 2:05pm EST - Sun, Feb 17 2019
- "Jacob ben Machir ibn Tibbon" does not exist on GetWiki (yet)
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