Hippo Regius
Hippo Regius is the ancient name of the modern city of
Annaba (formerly Bône),
Algeria. Under this name, it was a major city in
Roman Africa, hosting several early
Christian councils, and was the home of the philosopher and theologian
Augustine of Hippo. In even earlier days, the city was a royal residence for
Numidian kings.The climate is agreeable in winter, but humid in summer. The harbour serves as an export station for all of the rich inland country.
History
Hippo was a
Tyrian colony on the west coast of the bay to which it gave its name:
Hipponensis Sinus, first settled by the
Phoenicians probably in the
12th century BC; the surname
Regius 'of the King' was bestowed on it as one of the places where the Numidian kings resided.A maritime city near the mouth of the river Ubus, it became a Roman
colonia which prospered and became a major city in
Roman Africa.It is perhaps most famous as the
bishopric of Saint Augustine of Hippo in his later years. In the summer of 430 the
Vandals were besieging the city of Hippo as the aged bishop lay dying within. Shortly after his death in August 28, 430, they captured the city under King
Geiseric after an 18-month siege in
431 and made it the capital of the Vandal kingdom in Northern Africa between 431 and
439.It was conquered by the Eastern Roman Empire in
534 and was kept under Byzantine rule until
698, when it fell to the
Saracens; the Arabs rebuilt the town in the seventh century. The city's later history was under its modern name.About two miles distant the Arabs in the eleventh century established the town of
Beleb-el-Anab, which the Spaniards occupied for some years in the sixteenth century, as the French did later, in the reign of
Louis XIV. France took this town again in 1832. It was renamed Bone or Bona, and became one of the government centres for the department of Constantine in Algeria. It had 37,000 inhabitants, of whom 15,700 were French, 10,500 foreigners, mostly Italians, 9,400 Muslims and 1400 naturalized Jews.
Ecclesiastical history
Hippo was an ancient bishopric and still is the name of a Roman Catholic
titular see in the former
Roman province of
Numidia, since French colonial rule a part of the residential see of
Constantine. It contains some ancient ruins, a hospital built by the Little Sisters of the Poor, and a fine basilica dedicated to St. Augustine.We know seven bishops of Hippo, among them Saints Theogenes and Fidentius, martyrs, St. Leontius Valerius, who ordained St. Augustine, and the great "Doctor of Grace", Augustine himself (395-28 August, 430). Under St. Augustine there were at least three monasteries in the diocese besides the episcopal monastery.
Council of Hippo
Three councils were held at Hippo (393, 394, 426) and more synods - also in 397 (two sessions), June and September and 401, all under Aurelius.The synods of the Ancient (North) African church were held, with but few exceptions (e.g. Hippo, 393;
Milevum, 402) at
Carthage. We know from the letters of
St. Cyprian that, except in time of persecution, the African bishops met at least once a year, in the springtime, and sometimes again in the autumn. Six or seven synods, for instance, were held under St. Cyprian's presidency during the decade of his administration (249-258), and more than fifteen under Aurelius (391-429). The Synod of Hippo of 393 ordered a general meeting yearly, but this was found too onerous for the bishops, and in the Synod of Carthage (407) it was decided to hold a general synod only when necessary for the needs of all Africa, and it was to be held at a place most convenient for the purpose. Not all the bishops of the country were required to assist at the general synod. At the Synod of Hippo (393) it was ordered that "dignities" should be sent from each ecclesiastical province. Only one was required from Tripoli, because of the poverty of the bishops of that province. At the Synod of Hippo (393), and again at the Synod of 397 at Carthage, a list of the books of Holy Scripture was drawn up. It is the Catholic canon (i.e. including
the books later classed by Protestants as "
Apocrypha").{{Wikisource1913CatholicEnc|Hippo Regius}}
Sources and references
(incomplete)
{{coord missing|Algeria}}
Hippo RegiusHippo Regiusهیپو رگیوسHippone히포 레기우스IpponaHippo RegiusHippo RegiusHippo RegiusHiponaХипонHippo Regius
(...as imported from WP)
article has not been saved locally
