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Frederikshavn
please note:
- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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{{About|the Danish town|the German town|Friedrichshafen|the Finnish town|Fredrikshamn}}- the content below is remote from Wikipedia
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History
Frederikshavn was originally called Fladstrand (lit. "Flat beach") from its location in Flade parish.{{rp|5â6}}{{historical populations| width = 10em| shading = off| percentages = pagrFladstrand
The first mention of a settlement is in a letter dated 13 March 1572 found in the Danish chancery letterbooks.{{rp|5}} It was a fishing village, trading place and crossing point to Norway.{{rp|95}}The old Fladstrand church was built between 1686 and 1690.{{rp|7}} On 31 December 1700 a tax of 500 rigsdaler was put on the town which indicates a fair amount of trade.{{rp|8â9}}During the Great Nordic War from 1700 to 1721 the town saw a rise in activity as travellers to Norway embarked from here as the route over Sweden was cut. The activity slowly subsided after the war.{{rp|12}}A royal maritime pilot was stationed at the town from 1733 after King Christian VI was forced to stay in the town due to bad weather on his journey to Norway.{{rp|9â10}}In 1735 the town was described as a hamlet which supports itself on fishing and beaching of scows and some farming ((:da:Fæstebonde|fæstebønder)).{{rp|11â12}}Military history in 17th, 18th and 19th centuries
Due to its advantageous proximity to the entrance to the Baltic Sea, Frederikshavn has historically been a naval base of some strategic importance.In 1627 under Kejserkrigen, Melchior von Hatzfeldt troops built a Sconce north of the fishing village.WEB, Nordre Skanse,weblink Toppen af Danmark, 20 June 2018, da, {{rp|95}} The sconce became known as Nordre Skanse and is preserved to this day. After the war this was manned by Danish troops.{{rp|95}} In 1675 the fortification was expanded with a sconse south of the harbour.{{rp|95}} Between 1686 and 1687 the fortification was expanded again with a heavy tower, a wall and a port. It was described as a citadel. The tower is known as KrudttÃ¥rnet, (lit. "Gunpowder Tower"). In 1891 the wall and port was demolished, but the tower has been preserved.{{rp|95}} KrudttÃ¥rnet is incorporated in the municipality's coat-of-arms.During the Great Nordic War from 1700 to 1721 Peter Tordenskjold barricaded himself here in his fights against Sweden.{{rp|95}} In 1712 the Battle of Fladstrand was fought in the nearby sea between Swedish and Danish naval forces.{{citation needed|date=June 2018}}In 1735, 50 Danish men were stationed at the fortress.{{rp|11â12}} From the middle of the 18th century the military importance of the citadel was dwindling and some of the fortifications and building was disposed of. It gained new importance during the Gunboat War from 1807 to 1814, but its value diminished again after the war. The citadel was discontinued in 1864.{{rp|95}}Market town
During the Gunboat War, the town saw increasing trade and activity. The first artificial harbour was constructed from 1808 to 1810 due to the war and after several years of strong promotion of the local merchant Frantz Ãbersax.Denmark's defeat in the war had a great impact in Fladstrand. The military left and the town largest source of income ceased.{{rp|56â57}} Denmark's general economic crisis worsened the situation.{{rp|56â57}} The town did not have status as a market town, but trade, craft and other activities exclusive to market towns had happened unlawful in Fladstrand for several decades anyway.{{rp|52â54,61}} A majority of the population had livelihoods based on crafts, services and trade, not production. This was used by the local civil servant as an argument for giving the town market town status ().{{rp|61â62}} The harbour directorate () argued that it was a strategic place for a harbour and giving the town market town status and legalising the current activities would help with the upkeep.{{rp|62â63}}On 25 September 1818{{refn|group=nb|A printed widely circulated announcement was wrongly dated 23 September 1818.{{rp|64}}}} Frederik VI bestowed the town status as a market town under the name of Frederikshavn.{{rp|63â64}}From 1818
During the 1970s the ship yard wanted to expand with a dry dock at the location of Krudttårnet. Between 1974 and 1976 the engineering firm Kampsax and the local contractor Trigon encased the tower in concrete and moved it 270m along teflon rails to its current location. The project was delayed when a storm broke a retaining wall between Christmas and New Year 1975 filling the new dry dock with water and causing the base beneath the tower to collapse.{{rp|222}}WEB, Krudttårnets flytning truede TRIGONs eksistens,weblink Kanal Frederikshavn, 15 January 2021, da, 25 December 2020, The movement was celebrated 5. August 1976 with the visit from Margrethe II of Denmark and her family.{{rp|221}}Stena Line operated a ferry service from Frederikshavn to Oslo, Norway from 1979 to March 14, 2020. It was served by three different ferries named Stena Saga. From 1979 to 1988 by former M/S Patricia built in 1967.WEB, M/S PATRICIA (1967),weblink www.faktaomfartyg.se, 20 March 2020, sv, From 1988 to 1994 by later MS Stena Europe.WEB, M/S KRONPRINSESSAN VICTORIA (1981),weblink www.faktaomfartyg.se, 20 March 2020, sv, From 1994 to 2020 it was served by MS Stena Saga. It was first closed temporary due to the coronavirus pandemic. The decision to close it permanently was announced a few days later on March 19.WEB, Ruten Frederikshavn-Oslo lukker permanent,weblink Kanal Frederikshavn, 20 March 2020, da, 19 March 2020, WEB, Stena Line closes the Oslo-Frederikshavn route permanently,weblink News Powered by Cision, 20 March 2020, en, 19 March 2020, The Oslo route was reopened by DFDS Seaways on June 25, 2020 by the ferries traveling to and from Copenhagen which began stopping in Frederikshavn. There is a single departure and arrival per day. The route is serviced by MS Pearl Seaways and MS Crown Seaways.WEB, Jakobsen, Gert, DFDS opens route between Frederikshavn and Oslo,weblink DFDS A/S, 5 June 2020, Copenhagen, en, 4 June 2020, {{update_after|2020|06|25}}Economy
{{Location map many| Denmark| width = 270| mark1 = Red pog.svgIn culture
The is used to denote a quality plaice.WEB, frederikshavner â ODS,weblink ordnet.dk, 2 January 2020, da, It is probably the most popular fish eaten in Denmark.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}}The drama television series Norskov (2015â2017) was filmed in and around Frederikshavn.WEB, Bag Nordskov,weblink da,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20151128091814weblink">weblink 2015-11-28,Attractions
(File:Krudttårnet i Frederikshavn 2005 ubt.jpg|thumb|Krudttårnet, The Powder Tower, constructed in 1688)- Bangsbo Museum
- Frederikshavn Art Museum (Frederikshavn Kunstmuseum)
- Frederikshavn Shipyard Historical Society (Værftshistorisk Selskab Frederikshavn)
- Tordenskiold Festival, celebrated since 1998.WEB,weblink Tordenskioldsdage - Ã ret er 1717, Tordenskiold,
- Lighting Festival, biannual festival.WEB,weblink Forsiden, 2009-05-26,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20081206160728weblink">weblink 2008-12-06, dead,
- Bangsbo Flower FestivalWEB,weblink Bangsbo Flower Festival,
- Bangsbo FortWEB,weblink Kystmuseet-Bangsbo Fort,
- Bangsbo Botanical GardenWEB,weblink Bangsbo Botaniske Have,
Sports
Frederikshavn White Hawks are the local professional ice hockey team playing in the premier Danish ice hockey league, Metal Ligaen.Infrastructure
Transportation
File:Frederikshavn Banegaard Nordjyske Jernbane.JPG|thumb|Frederikshavn railway stationFrederikshavn railway station Three major roads connect Frederikshavn. E 45 connects to Aalborg in the south. Frederikshavn is the northern end of E 45 in Denmark. The route continues via the ferry in Gothenburg. Danish national road 35 connects Hjørring to the west. Danish national road 40 connects Skagen to the north. A secondary route connects to Brønderslev towards southwest.Frederikshavn is served by Frederikshavn railway station. It is the terminal train station of the Vendsyssel and Skagen railway lines and offers direct InterCity services to Copenhagen, regional train services to Aalborg and local train services to Skagen.WEB,weblink Standsningssteder på Skagensbanen, Nordjyske Jernbaner, da, 4 May 2021, WEB,weblink Frederikshavn Station, DSB, da, 17 October 2020, Ferry service to Göteborg, in Sweden with StenaLine and Oslo, in Norway with DFDS. There is also a ferry service to the Island of LæsøThe nearest airport with scheduled national and international flights is Aalborg Airport 66 km away.Port of Frederikshavn
(File:A view over Frederikshavn ubt.jpeg|thumb|A view over Frederikshavn)Port of Frederikshavn is the largest harbour in Frederikshavn. It is a commercial port owned by Frederikshavn Municipality.WEB, Merry Christmas and Happy New Year,weblink Port of Frederikshavn, 2019-01-22, 2018-12-19, It includes a ferry harbour, a cargo harbour and a large service industry. It has historically been dominated by the shipyard industry and fishing. Frederikshavn was in the late 19th century the dominant harbour for large fishing vessels in Denmark.JOURNAL, Christensen, Erik S., Frederikshavn som værftsby for fiskefartøjer 1870-1988, Erhvervhistorisk à rbog, 2012, 61, 2, 47â61,weblink 23 February 2018, da, 2245-1447, The European shipyard industry was hit with difficulties in the 1980s and Danyard, the largest shipyard in Frederikshavn closed in December 1999.JOURNAL, Olesen, Thomas Roslyng, From shipbuilding to alternative maritime industry â The closure of Danyard Frederikshavn in 1999, Erhvervhistorisk à rbog, 2013, 62, 2, 78â96,weblink 23 February 2018, en, 2245-1447, The municipality took over the harbour from the state in 2001.{{rp|13}} The site of the former Danyard was over the next 20 years transformed into a business park and the activity gradually went from manufacturing to service.20152020 port expansion
In 2015 a large expansion of the port was started. The first of three phases was constructed from 2015 to 2018 by contractor Per Aarsleff. The official delivery from the contractor was on 8 June 2018.WEB, Frederiksen, Michael, Havnens bestyrelse drøfter ny udvidelse,weblink Kanal Frederikshavn, 13 June 2018, da, 9 June 2018, The officially inauguration coincided with the towns 200 year anniversary as a merchant town on 25 September 2018.WEB, Frederiksen, Michael, Kronprins Frederik besøger Frederikshavn,weblink Kanal Frederikshavn, 6 July 2018, da, 6 July 2018, The expansion makes it possible to receive larger ships and offshore installations, handle more bulk material and a flexible area for projects.WEB, About the port expansion,weblink Port of Frederikshavn, 23 February 2018, The first phase added 330.000 square metre hinterland and 600 metre of quay with a water depth 11 metre. Most of the quay and hinterland areas in the first phase have been leased by Louisiana-based Modern American Recycling Services for an 11-year period.WEB, Skrotgigant fra USA vil hyre 200 i Frederikshavn, Ãstergaard, Nicolai,weblink Søfart, 23 February 2018, da, 19 December 2016, In July 2018 they secured a contract to scrap the two platforms from Tyra Field. They are expected to begin the first recycling assignment in 2020{{update_after|2021}} and create more than 200 jobs.Construction of Scandinavia's largest bunkering terminal is underway on the new area. It will consists of 11 storage tanks with a combined capacity of 744000 m3. It is scheduled for completion by the end of 2020{{Update after|2020}}. It will be leased to Stena Oil.WEB, Merry christmas and happy new year,weblink 17 January 2020, 2019-12-18, WEB, Stena Oil,weblink Port of Frederikshavn, 13 June 2018, en, 4 May 2018, In November 2018 all the hinterland areas of the first phase have been leased.WEB, Increased Storage Capacity,weblink Port of Frederikshavn, 2019-01-22, 2018-11-30, Five 2000 m2 large warehouses have been constructed on the new area.The planning of the second stage of the expansion was started in June 2017.WEB, The Port Prepares another expansion,weblink Port of Frederikshavn, 23 February 2018, en, 8 June 2017, Construction started in October 2017. It is nearly completed as of December 2019.{{Update after|2020|06}} The second phase will add 170.000 square metre of hinterland and 400 metre of quay. The quay constructed in phase one will be deepened to 14 metres.When the second phase is complete the total area of the harbour will be {{convert|950000|m2}}.A further expansion in third phase is an option if there is demand.Naval Base
South of the commercial port is Danish Navy Naval Harbour Frederikshavn. It is home to Danish navy 1st Squadron and Naval Operational Logistic Support Structure, OPLOG FRH. It is also the home location for the training ship Danmark and the royal yacht Dannebrog. It was home to the national icebreakers before their decommission in 2012.WEB, Farvel til isbryderne,weblink Forsvaret, 20 June 2018, da, 2012-12-07, 2019-12-11,weblink dead, The naval harbour was inaugurated on 2 October 1962.WEB, Flådestation Frederikshavn bygges,weblink 23 February 2018,weblink" title="web.archive.org/web/20150605195530weblink">weblink 5 June 2015, da,Marinas
The also town has a number of smaller marinas (listed in order from north to south):- Rønner Harbour (Rønnerhavn): pleasureboat, dinghy and fishing harbour
- Northern Entrenchment Harbour (Nordre Skanse Havn): dinghy harbour
- Frederikshavn Marina (Frederikshavn Marina): pleasureboat, dinghy and houseboat harbour weblink
- Neppen's Harbour (Neppens Havn): dinghy harbour
Education
- EUC Nord - a technical school located partly in Frederikshavn.
Media
Notable people
(File:Christian Arendrup by Hansen & Weller.jpg|140px|thumb|Christian Arendrup)- Christian Henrik Arendrup (1837â1913), Governor-General of The Danish West Indies 1881â1893
- Karl Bovin (1907â1985), painter, key member the Odsherred Painters
- Elsa Gress (1919â1988), essayist, novelist and dramatist
- Allan Olsen (born 1956), pop musician
- Henrik I. Christensen (born 1962), roboticist in San Diego, California
- Connie Nielsen (born 1965), actress
- Anja Ringgren Lovén (born 1978), protects children accused of being witches in Nigeria
- Ditte Ejlerskov (born 1982), contemporary artist
Sport
- Gustaf Nielsen (1910â1973), sports shooter
- Harald Nielsen (1941â2015), footballer
- Peter Møller (born 1972), footballer and sports journalist
- Søren Frederiksen (born 1972) football player and manager
- Lotte Kiærskou (born 1975), handballer, twice Olympic winner
- Gitte Aaen (born 1981), handballer
- Mads Christensen (born 1984), ice hockey player
- Hans-Kristian Vittinghus (born 1986), badminton player
- Lise Munk (born 1989), footballer
- Lucas Bjerregaard (born 1991), golfer
Twin towns â sister cities
Frederikshavn practices twinning on the municipal level. For the twin towns, see twin towns of Frederikshavn Municipality.See also
Notes
{{Reflist|group=nb}}References
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External links
{{Commons category}}{{Wikivoyage}}- Visit Frederikshavn, Official tourism site
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