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| subdivision_type = Country| subdivision_name = AustriaStates of Austria>State| subdivision_name1 = Upper AustriaDistrict (Austria)>DistrictGmunden District>Gmunden| parts_type = | parts_style = para| p1 = Burgomaster>Mayor| leader_name = Barbara PrombergerAustriaSozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs>SPÖ }}| leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = area_footnotes}}area_total_km2}}| area_metro_km2 = | elevation_m = 443| elevation_max_m = | elevation_min_m = population_as_of}}population_footnotes}}population_total}}| population_urban = | population_metro = | population_note = | population_density_km2 = auto| established_title = | established_date = Central European Time>CETCentral European Summer Time>CEST| utc_offset = +1| utc_offset_DST = +2Vehicle registration plates of Austria>GMList of postal codes in Austria>Postal code| postal_code = 4802Telephone numbers in Austria>Area code| area_code = 06133| website = www.ebensee.at| footnotes = }}Ebensee am Traunsee ({{IPA|de-AT|ˈeːbn̩ˌseː am ˈtʁaʊ̯nˌseː|lang}}) (Central Bavarian: Emsee) is a market town in the Traunviertel region of the Austrian state of Upper Austria, located within the Salzkammergut Mountains at the southern end of the Traunsee. The regional capital Linz lies approximately {{convert|90|km|abbr=on}} to the north, nearest towns are Gmunden and Bad Ischl. The municipality also comprises the Katastralgemeinden of Langwies, Oberlangbath, Rindbach, Kohlstatt and Roith.

History

With the Traunviertel, Ebensee since 1180 belonged to the Duchy of Styria held by the House of Babenberg from 1192, until in 1254 King Ottokar II of Bohemia finally allocated it to his Austrian duchy. Ebensee itself was first mentioned in a 1447 deed.From 1596 on Emperor Rudolf II had a salt evaporation pond erected near the settlement, supplied with brine being delivered via a {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}} long pipeline from the salt mines around Hallstatt. Ebensee therefore was the primary production centre for salt in Austria. Historically, the site was chosen because of the rich forests, whose wood was used to boil the salt out of the brine. In 1883 the Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay established soda works of the Solvay company at Ebensee. Although a former industrial center in the larger Salzkammergut region, it has recently fallen on bad fortunes with the closure of some of the larger factories.

Nazi concentration camp

In 1943, the SS established Ebensee concentration camp (codename "Zement") near the town, a planned emergency location for the Peenemünde research centre after the RAF Operation Hydra attack. It was part of the Mauthausen network. Slave laborers were worked to death digging tunnels for armaments storage. The camp was liberated by American soldiers in May 1945. Due to the extremely high death rates, Ebensee is considered one of the most horrific Nazi concentration camps.Used as a Displaced Persons camp after the war, the area is today site of a memorial and a museum.

Population

{{Historical populations|align=left1032788008451781775977515}}{{clear left}}

Politics

Seats in the municipal assembly (Gemeinderat) as of 2021 elections:

• Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ): 16
• Austrian People's Party (ÖVP): 6
• Citizens' List for Ebensee (BÃœFE): 11
• Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ): 4

Tourism

(File:Ebensee-lake.jpg|thumb|View of the Traunsee)Ebensee is surrounded by three picturesque lakes, the Traunsee, the Offensee and the Langbathsee. The Traunsee is large enough to be used for boating, while the other two lakes are smaller, surrounded by mountains, and used only for bathing; both are protected natural areas. On the shore of the Langbathsee is a 19th-century hunting lodge erected at the behest of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria.Since 1927 an aerial tramway built by the Bleichert engineering company runs up to the summit of the Feuerkogel mountain. Other tourist attractions include the Gasselhöhle show cave and a small skiing area with about ten lifts.Parts of the 1968 Where Eagles Dare film were shot in the Ebensee area.

Climate

Feuerkogel is a nearby mountain peak with a weather station on it.{{Weather box|location= Feuerkogel: 1618m (1991−2020 normals)|metric first = Y|single line = Y|Jan record high C = 13.4|Feb record high C = 14.5|Mar record high C = 14.5|Apr record high C = 19.4|May record high C = 24.0|Jun record high C = 26.8|Jul record high C = 28.0|Aug record high C = 26.3|Sep record high C = 23.4|Oct record high C = 22.7|Nov record high C = 20.2|Dec record high C = 15.7|year record high C = |Jan high C = -0.1|Feb high C = -0.6|Mar high C = 1.7|Apr high C = 5.8|May high C = 10.1|Jun high C = 14.0|Jul high C = 15.4|Aug high C = 15.0|Sep high C = 11.7|Oct high C = 8.5|Nov high C = 4.3|Dec high C = 0.8|year high C = |Jan mean C = -2.8|Feb mean C = -3.3|Mar mean C = -1.0|Apr mean C = 2.8|May mean C = 7.2|Jun mean C = 10.7|Jul mean C = 12.5|Aug mean C = 12.8|Sep mean C = 8.8|Oct mean C = 5.9|Nov mean C = 1.6|Dec mean C = -1.8|year mean C = |Jan low C = -5.3|Feb low C = -6.4|Mar low C = -3.5|Apr low C = -0.1|May low C = 3.9|Jun low C = 7.4|Jul low C = 8.9|Aug low C = 9.1|Sep low C = 6.0|Oct low C = 2.9|Nov low C = -1.2|Dec low C = -4.3|year low C = |Jan record low C = -20.2|Feb record low C = -22.7|Mar record low C = -20.6|Apr record low C = -13.9|May record low C = -6.1|Jun record low C = -3.1|Jul record low C = 0.0|Aug record low C = -0.9|Sep record low C = -2.9|Oct record low C = -12.5|Nov record low C = -17.1|Dec record low C = -22.6|year record low C = |precipitation colour = green|Jan precipitation mm = 138.2|Feb precipitation mm = 110.9|Mar precipitation mm = 151.2|Apr precipitation mm = 105.2|May precipitation mm = 171.6|Jun precipitation mm = 201.7|Jul precipitation mm = 230.8|Aug precipitation mm = 202.8|Sep precipitation mm = 175.6|Oct precipitation mm = 130.2|Nov precipitation mm = 126.3|Dec precipitation mm = 144.7|year precipitation mm = |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm|Jan precipitation days = 13.7|Feb precipitation days = 13.5|Mar precipitation days = 15.7|Apr precipitation days = 11.7|May precipitation days = 15.3|Jun precipitation days = 16.0|Jul precipitation days = 16.4|Aug precipitation days = 13.6|Sep precipitation days = 13.0 |Oct precipitation days = 12.3|Nov precipitation days = 12.6 |Dec precipitation days = 14.9 |year precipitation days = |Jan snow cm = 115.5|Feb snow cm = 108.5|Mar snow cm = 118.7|Apr snow cm = 65.6|May snow cm = 20.7|Jun snow cm = 1.4|Jul snow cm = 0.0|Aug snow cm = 0.6|Sep snow cm = 9.0|Oct snow cm = 30.5|Nov snow cm = 73.8|Dec snow cm = 109.7|year snow cm = |unit snow days = 1 cm|Jan snow days = 30.8|Feb snow days = 28.3|Mar snow days = 30.9|Apr snow days = 27.6|May snow days = 11.4|Jun snow days = 0.7|Jul snow days = 0.0|Aug snow days = 0.1|Sep snow days = 2.1|Oct snow days = 7.9|Nov snow days = 18.1|Dec snow days = 28.8|year snow days =| Jan sun =104.8| Feb sun =110.6| Mar sun =141.2| Apr sun =173.7| May sun =185.4| Jun sun =176.5| Jul sun =195.6| Aug sun =201.7| Sep sun =155.6| Oct sun =148.3| Nov sun =107.4| Dec sun =95.8| year sun =|source 1 = Central Institute for Meteorology and GeodynamicsWEB,weblink Klimamittelwerte 1991-2020, Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, de, 6 September 2023, NOAA(Sun)WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION CLIMATE NORMALS FOR 1991-2020: FEUERKOGEL WEBSITE=NCEI.NOAA.GOV PUBLISHER=NOAA, 3 March 2024, }}

Twin towns – sister cities

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Austria}}Ebensee is twinned with:WEB, Partnerschaft Prato,weblink Ebensee, de, 2022-03-21, WEB, Partnerschaft Zawiercie,weblink Ebensee am Traunsee, de, 2022-03-21,

• {{flagicon|ITA}} Prato, Italy, since 1987
• {{flagicon|POL}} Zawiercie, Poland, since 2000

Notable people

• Frederick Katzer (1844–1903), Bishop of Green Bay

References

{{reflist}}

External links

{{Wikivoyage|Ebensee}}

• {{officialweblink}}

{{Cities and towns in Gmunden (district)}}{{Authority control}}